Pathophysiology
T2DM is essentially an impairment in how the body regulates...
What is Glucose (sugar)
Rationale for incr. risk of infection with T2DM?
hyperglycemic environment that favors immune dysfunction (e.g., damage to the neutrophil function, depression of the antioxidant system, and humoral immunity), neuropathy, decrease in the antibacterial activity of urine, gastrointestinal and urinary dysmotility, and the greater number of medical interventions in these patients.
"A multidisciplinary approach that emphasizes prevention, early detection, and management of chronic conditions"
Chronic disease management
Drug taken to assist in regulating glucose
What is insulin
Rationale for incr. risk of injury with T2DM
Neurological effects, sensory deficits, and impairment in mobility from complications of diabetes are factors that affect the patient’s risk for injury. Neuropathies alter the patient’s sensation, muscle control, and gait. Visual deficits from retinopathy or cataracts greatly put the patient at risk for injury.
"The process of enabling people through promotion to increase control over, and to improve their health"
Health Promotion
Symptoms of hyperglycemia include... (list 3)
What is Increased thirst, Frequent urination, Increased hunger, Unintended weight loss, Fatigue, Blurred vision, Slow-healing sores, Frequent infections, Numbness or tingling in the hands or feet, Areas of darkened skin, usually in the armpits and neck
Why is there an incr. risk of impaired sensory perception?
Change in blood glucose levels alters the level of consciousness and impairs the function of the CNS. Also neuropathy
"State produced by the invasion of a host or population by an infectious agent"
Infection
Insulin producing cells of the body
What is Pancreatic beta cells
Potential nursing diagnoses (potential problems) for diabetes? (list 3)
Risk for Unstable Blood Glucose, Deficient Knowledge, Risk for Infection, Risk for Disturbed Sensory Perception, Powerlessness, Risk for Ineffective Therapeutic Regimen Management, Risk for Injury, Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements, Risk for Deficient Fluid Volume, Fatigue, Risk for Impaired Skin Integrity
"The array of health services that spans the range from primary care (including prevention and health promotion) through institutionally based secondary and tertiary care"
Continuum of Care
Risk factors for diabetes (list 3)
What is Obesity (overweight), Inactivity, Genetics, Race and ethnicity, Age, Pregnancy related risk, elevated blood lipid levels
Nursing interventions for deficient knowledge? (list 2)
"Ways of perceiving and understanding the self and the world". This concept is influenced by rationalism, empiricism, and transcendental idealism
Knowledge