Functions of Sleep
Sleep is essential for these three aspects of health.
What are physical, mental, and emotional health?
Stage 1 sleep is characterized by this level of wakefulness and ease of awakening.
What is light sleep/easily awakened?
Newborns (0-3mo) typically sleep this many hours per day.
What is 14–17 hours/day?
This type of daily routine helps promote sleep.
What is a regular sleep-wake routine?
Sleep deprivation can lead to decreased alertness and this type of risk.
What is accidents or safety risks?
This stage of sleep promotes tissue repair, muscle growth, and energy restoration.
What is Stage 3 (slow-wave/deep sleep)?
During Stage 2, these two body changes occur.
What are body temperature drops and eye movements stop?
Adolescents need 8–10 hours of sleep, but often experience this due to lifestyle.
What is sleep deficit?
Name two environmental factors that disrupt sleep.
What are noise and light (or temperature, setting)?
Fatigue, tremors, and decreased coordination are examples of these effects.
What are physiological effects?
REM sleep supports these cognitive processes, including memory and emotional regulation.
What are memory consolidation, learning, and emotional regulation?
This stage is the hardest to awaken from.
What is Stage 3 (deep sleep)?
Older adults (65+) often have lighter sleep and this change in REM.
What is decreased REM?
Medications such as stimulants, corticosteroids, and diuretics can have this effect on sleep.
What is sleep disruption?
Sleep deprivation impairs these cognitive functions, including attention and problem-solving.
What are cognitive effects?
Stage 2 NREM sleep promotes this type of relaxation and minor memory processing.
What is physical relaxation?
During REM sleep, the eyes move rapidly, and this type of brain activity occurs.
What is increased brain activity?
Toddlers (1–2yr) benefit from this routine to support sleep.
What is naps?
Stress, anxiety, and depression are examples of this factor affecting sleep.
What are psychological factors?
Emotional consequences of sleep loss may include irritability, mood swings, and this.
What is anxiety (or increased risk of depression)?
The stage of sleep that occurs about 90 minutes after sleep begins with vivid dreams is this.
What is REM sleep?
NREM and REM sleep alternate in cycles throughout the night; this is the approximate interval for one REM period.
What is ~90 minutes?
Preschoolers may experience these common nighttime events.
What are nightmares and nighttime fears?
Physical activity promotes sleep if done at this time of day.
What is earlier in the day?
Weakened immunity and slower tissue repair are classified as this type of sleep deprivation effect.
What are physiological effects?