Mechanism of Evolution and related events
Sexual Selection
Types of Evolution/Selection
Genes or Structures
History & Natural
Selection
Selection
100
______ is the transfer of genetic material from one population to another
Gene flow
100
Morphological differences between males and females of the same species.
sexual dimorphism
100
Darwin’s finches experienced this type of evolution when the ancestral species experienced events that separated the population into different islands which then experienced different selective pressures
Divergent evolution
100
This type of mutation can be inherited by offspring
Germline mutation
100
_______ is defined as the reproductive success of an animal relative to other animals of the same population.
Fitness
125
________ is when chance (random) events cause allele frequencies to fluctuate unpredictably from one generation to the next
Genetic drift
125
A scorpionfly bringing a nuptial gift to a mating can be explained by this model of mate choice.
Direct benefit
125
The arms race between extremely toxic newts and the garter snakes that are becoming resistant to that toxin is an example of this type of evolution
Coevolution
125
These structures have the same basic form because they existed in a common ancestor.
Homologous structures
125
Polar bears may no longer have the most adaptive coat color as temperatures increase due to global warming. This is an example of how fitness depends on ________.
the environment
150
Northern elephant seals experienced intense hunting, which greatly reduced their genetic diversity. This is known as a(n)__________.
bottleneck event
150
A peacock's ability to survive despite its large, cumbersome tail—an honest signal—can be explained by this model of mate choice
Indirect benefit (good genes)
150
The vertebrate eye and the cephalopod eye are very similar even though their most recent common ancestor did not possess this trait. This is an example of this type of evolution.
Convergent evolution
150
The wings of birds and bats are _________ structures.
analogous
150
This theory of evolution was proposed by Lamarck before Darwin's theory of natural selection
Inheritance of acquired traits (use and disuse)
175
Large populations are more likely to be affected by this _______ than genetic drift (mechanism of evolution).
natural selection
175
This imbalance in gamete size affects the reproductive and mating strategies of males and females differently
Anisogamy
175
Male elephant seals compete for territory and access to females. This is an example of this type of selection (be specific).
intrasexual selection
175
New genetic variations, that have never existed before, can arise from mutations and ________.
sexual reproduction
175
Taxa C is most closely related to ______.
Taxa D
200
This theorem/model was used to show there were more people with an allele for sickle cell anemia than expected in an area with high malaria rates
Hardy-Wienberg theorem (H-W)
200
Who theorized that reproductive strategies are affected by the amount invested in offspring (Parental Investment Theory)?
Triver
200
Bower birds decorate their bowers and perform a dance to attract a mate. This is an example of this type of selection (be specific)
Intersexual selection
200
Mutations that affect _______ can cause major changes like the loss of limbs in whales.
gene switches/regulatory elements
200
These 3 points are required to explain natural selection of a trait
1. variation in a trait exists in a population
2. the trait is heritable
3. Differential reproduction