Descent with Modification
The branch of Biology that names and classifies organisms, originated by Linnaeus
taxonomy
This is the major source of genetic variation in bacteria…and in animals.
mutation…sexual recombination
Darwin described his theory of natural selection as what?
Descent with modification
“This” stores information, codes for the production of proteins and is found in all living things
DNA
This is the smallest unit that can evolve
population
In a snake, these are the remnants of pelvic and leg bones in a snake (historical remnants of ancestral structures)
vestigial structures
This is a measure of an individual’s relative contribution to the gene pool of the next generation
fitness
Charles Darwin's voyage to the Galapagos Islands and the study of beak shape of finches was integral to his research and subsequent ideas about ________ through _______.
evolution......natural selection
What are the two classification groups that are representative of the scientific name for an organism?
Genus and species
The type of selection represented by a graph with 2 "humps"
disruptive
Cuvier is the father of paleontology and proposed that the differences he saw in fossils were the result of local events like floods and droughts. These ideas laid the groundwork for his “theory” of________________
Catastrophism
Genetic drift that occurs when only a few individuals colonize a new area
founder effect
Which scientist hypothesized that organisms can pass down traits acquired during their lifetime?
Lamarck
What is a clade?
an ancestor and all of its descendants
In the Hardy-Weinberg equation, what 2pq stands for?
heterozygote
The earliest forms of life on Earth were recorded from fossil deposits dating from about 3.5 billion years ago. These deposits likely included these deposits.
bacteria
A population of birds on the coast range in size from 9-15cm, with the majority of birds being 12 cm. Another population of birds exist on a distant island off the same coastline, but all the birds are 15cm. What is the most likely explanation for difference in sizes of members of these populations
bottleneck effect
“The long neck of a giraffe is a result of its ancestors continually trying to reach to higher branches,” was a statement made by this person.
Lamarck
Which is not true about the theory of punctuated equilibrium?
A. Times of change are rapid and rare
B. Species are typically in a state of stasis
C. Times of change are slow and continuous
D. It stands in contrast to gradualism
C. Times of change are slow and continuous
__________ Structures are body parts that resemble one another in different species that have evolved independently as adaptations to their environments, whereas _____________structures are body parts that resemble each other and have evolved from a common ancestor.
analagous; homologous
Charles Darwin was the first to propose the theory of evolution by ______________and provide evidence
natural selection
These are the five conditions that must be maintained in order for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium to be maintained
1)very large population, 2)no gene flow or transfer of alleles, 3)no mutations, 4)random mating, 5)no natural selection
Which of the following was not part of Darwin's theory of evolution?
A. Organisms of the same species display a variety of different traits
B. The inheritance of traits in discrete units called alleles
C. Over time, traits that are beneficial to an organism in a given environment are likely to accumulate in a population
D. Organisms that are best adapted to their environments are most likely to survive and reproduce.
B. The inheritance of traits in discrete units called alleles.
What is true about the theory of gradualism?
A. Change is slow and gradual
B. Change is uniform
C. It stands in opposition to the theory of punctuated equilibrium
D. All of these
D. All of these
The cause of speciation when a piece of the mainland breaks off and becomes an island
geographic isolation