Vocabulary
Experiments
Darwin
Diagrams
Surprise!
100
What is embryology?
The study of how organisms develop
100
Looking at this image, what is one observation and one inference you could make?
Observation - broken tree branch near boy in water
Inference - branch broke when boy climbed on it
100
Who was Charles Darwin?
British naturalist who developed the theory of evolution
100
Looking at the diagram, what animal are humans closely related to?
Chimpanzees
100
How are extinction and evolution related?
If a species cannot evolve to keep up with its environment, it will go extinct
200
What is a genetically modified organism?
An organism whose genes have been changed from what they're supposed to be
200
Describe whale ancestors - how do we know they walked on land?
The fossils of whale ancestors with legs are older than ones without legs.
200
What location is Darwin famous for visiting?
The Galapagos Islands
200
Which species is the oldest? Which species is the newest?
Oldest - Lampreys
Newest - Chimpanzees
200
Why is it so important to take ALL of the antibiotics your doctor prescribes?
It can take a LONG time to kill all of the most resistant bacteria, and if you don't kill them all they will start to multiply.
300
Define natural selection
Living things that CAN adapt to their environment survive and have babies, living things that CANNOT adapt die off
300
Why will black peppered moths get eaten more than white peppered moths?
The black ones cannot camouflage as well and are easier seen by predators
300
What is the name of the book Darwin wrote?
On the Origin of Species
300
Why do these organisms look the same at early stages in their development?
They all share a common ancestor because they're all vertebrates.
300
Which of these is an example of a mutation?
A. Blue fish having blue fish babies
B. Cows with spots having cow babies without spots
C. Tall giraffes having tall giraffe babies
D. Striped cats having striped kittens
B. Cows with spots having cow babies without spots
400
The 5 types of evidence for evolution are...
Fossils, embryology, homologous structures, vestigial organs, DNA
400
How can scientists look at fossils and determine if they're related?
If scientists see similar bones and bone shape, or if they see bones that are only present in certain animals, then they know those two organisms must be related
400
Why do Darwin's finches all look different?
They all eat different types of food and live in different habitats
400
What will happen next?
The green ones can't camouflage and will mostly get eaten, the brown ones will survive and reproduce until the population is mostly brown
400
What are three ways humans can help prevent the next mass extinction?
Stop using fossil fuels, don't buy anything from endangered species, support ecotourism resorts, better laws against poachers, stop eating so much meat...
500
What is artificial selection?
Humans breeding organisms together to develop specific traits
500
An owl baby is born with a mutation where its beak is shaped like a hummingbird. Will that baby owl survive? Why or why not?
NO - It won't be able to eat the food it's supposed to eat thanks to its mutation because it can't catch and kill its food. The baby owl won't live long enough to reproduce. The "bad" mutation will disappear until another random baby owl is born with it.
500
Compare and contrast Darwin and Lamarck's theories of evolution.
Lamarck - Theory of Acquired Inheritance, anything that happened to a parent during its lifetime was passed on to future offspring
Darwin - Theory of Natural Selection, living things that CAN adapt to their environment survive and have babies, those that CANNOT die
500
Is this an accurate picture of how genetically engineered food is created? Why or why not?
NO - genetic engineering happens to the plant or animal's DNA before it grows to its adult state. Injecting something once the food is already grown is not changing the organism's DNA.
500
How do mutations cause evolution to happen?
Mutations in an organism's DNA can lead to beneficial changes. If those changes allow a species to survive better and have more babies, eventually only those organisms with the mutation will survive, and it will change the entire species.