Terms
This term defines the change in a species over time.
What is Evolution?
This ancient philosopher believed in two worlds, one perfect and one imperfect, and because of the flaws of humans, we are never able to see the perfect one.
Who was Plato?
Who is Charles Darwin?
True or false: Natural selection acts on the population and not the individual.
FALSE
NATURAL SELECTION ACTS ON THE INDIVIDUAL
EVOLUTION ACTS ON THE POPULATION
One of the ways evolution was evaluated was through the remains of organisms preserved in these mineralized structures.
What is a fossil?
This term defines a trait's effect on the ability of an individual to reproduce and survive.
What is Natural Selection?
Created the idea of the "Scale of Nature" that said everything was fixed and everything had a place.
Who is Aristotle?
This term is used to describe how species change over time but that divergent species share a common ancestor.
What is descent with modification?
FREE 200 POINTS
All vertebrates have pharyngeal pouches and post-anal tails in embryonic form. The similarities are examples of....?
Embryological homologies
(Similarities in development during embryonic stage)
This term describes the intentional breeding of specific traits for a specific purpose.
What is Artificial Selection?
This scientist based his theory of evolution on the idea that if an organism uses the part of its body more often, it will slowly change over time to suit the organism's needs.
Who is Lamarck?
This mechanism is used on the individual level and pushes for evolution at the population level.
What is natural selection?
How is Darwin's Theory of Natural Selection Different from Lamarck's Theory?
Lamarck: Organisms get traits during their lifetime that they then pass on to their offspring.
Darwin: Organisms are born with inherited traits. The traits that help an organism reproduce and survive are passed on
Fossil organisms that show intermediate stages between ancient ancestors and common species.
What are transitional fossils?
FREE 400 POINTS
What were the two main ideas about the scale of nature?
No extinctions, no new species because no room was left on the scale
True or False: Differential success in reproduction will lead to a gradual change in species.
True: Traits that are favorable in the environment and allow an organism to survive and reproduce will be pass down to their offspring, eventually changing the species as traits are passed on.
Why is Natural Selection not completely random?
Individuals with characteristics that best fit the environment will survive and produce offspring (These offspring will then have traits from the surviving parents)
True or false: Antibiotic resistance is an example of evolution.
True. A high usage of antibiotics allows bacteria to evolve and pass on resistance to their offspring.
What is fitness?
This term, used by Lamarck, describes modifications that are passed on from the parent to the offspring.
What are acquired characteristics?
Which (if any) of these statements is false?
1. Populations of organisms do not change.
2. The earth does not change
3. All species originated at the same time and place
ALL OF THEM! These were the views of Western Culture before Darwin made his discoveries. We now know, based on evidence for evolution and the fossil record, that these claims are false.
Describe "survival of the fittest."
Organisms with the best traits for survival in their environment will live long enough to reproduce, thus passing the best traits for survival onto their offspring.
What is the giant landform that, in ancient times, was made of all the continents?
What is Pangea?