Evolutionary Vocabulary
No Taxonomy Without Representation
I need a Mechanism
It's Evidential, Watson
I feel very isolated right now
Sadistic Cladistics
Potpourri
100
The ability to survive and reproduce in an environment.
What is fitness?
100
A group of organisms that can breed naturally in nature and have fertile offspring.
What is a species?
100
True or False - Evolution occurs within individual organisms.
False
100
The preserved remains or traces of an organism from the past.
What are fossils?
100
This occurs when organisms are separated by a river, valley, mountain, etc.
What is geographical isolation?
100
what are cladograms used for
to show a relationship between animal groups.
100
The scientist who discovered evolution, writing On the Origin of Species
Who is Charles Darwin?
200
An inherited trait that enhances an organisms ability to survive. (Favorable variation)
What is an adaptation?
200
"American murderlog" is an example of this term for identifying an organism
What is a common name.
200
Changes in the genetics of a population due random chance such as organisms being killed by a forest fire.
Genetic drift
200
The study of similarities in the early development of embryos.
What is embryology?
200
This occurs when flowers pollinate in different seasons.
What is temporal isolation?
200
A trait held by all subsequent organisms on a cladogram
A shared Derived Characteristic
200
DOUBLE JEOPARDY
When an organism completely dies out.
Extinction
300
A version of a gene.
What is an allele?
300
The Latin, two-part name unique to every organism
What is the scientific name.
300
The type of natural selection that favors only the extreme in a range of traits, such as fur color matching the environment.
Directional selection.
300
Structures that no longer have a function.
What is a vestigial structure?
300
Reproductive isolation occurring PRIOR to fertilization.
Prezygotic isolation
300
Another thing cladograms are used for is finding ...
common ancestor
300
How does the following diagram display an evolutionary relationship between organisms.
The embryologic development is very similar early on.
400
DOUBLE JEOPARDY
A change in the genetic material which can cause variation in a population.
What is a mutation?
400
DOUBLE JEOPARDY
A diagram that shows the traits and evolutionary relationship between groups of organisms.
What is a cladogram?
400
What do the p's and q's in the Hardy-Weinberg equation represent (identify both)?
p - the % of the dominant allele
q - the % of the recessive allele
400
Functionally similar structures between unrelated organisms, like insects and birds, that serve the same purpose in similar environments.
Analogous structures
400
When organisms can no longer mate (producing a new species) this process occurs.
What is speciation?
400
How closely related are crocodiles and birds? What is the last trait they have in common?
Very - Eggs with Shells
400
Name the 5 conditions required to meet the Hardy-Weinberg principle.
1. No genetic drift
2. No gene flow
3. No mutation
4. Mating must be random
5. No natural selection
500
The process where some members of a population would be better equipped for survival in the environment and therefore survive to reproduce.
What is natural selection?
500
What are the 8 levels of classification, in order?
Domain -> Kingdom -> Phylum -> Class -> Order -> Family -> Genus -> Species
500
Name the 5 conditions required to meet the Hardy-Weinberg principle.
1. No genetic drift
2. No gene flow
3. No mutation
4. Mating must be random
5. No natural selection
500
Name three types of molecular evidence that can be used to show relatedness (common ancestry).
What is comparing DNA, Proteins, Genes, RNA, Amino Acids.
500
DOUBLE JEOPARDY
in order for two similar groups of organisms to form into different species, this must occur.
What is reproductive isolation?
500
Which pair is more closely related - Sharks and Ray-Finned Fishes or Primates and Rodents? Why?
Primates and Rodents -- they have more shared traits and are on a split branch.
500
Structures that have different mature forms but develop from the same embryonic tissues.
What are homologous structures?
9999
Give at least 3 pieces of biological evidence based on homologous structures that Birds, Amphibians, and Mammals are related.
Will Vary --
4 limbs, similar organ systems, etc... Whatever makes sense.