Origin of Life
Scientists believed the first cells to be
Prokaryotic
Define analogous structures and give an example.
Similar structure that evolved independently of in two living organisms to serve the same population. Example - Bird & insect wings
Define gene flow
Gene flow - exchange of genes with another population.
What are the two types of isolation?
Geographic and reproductive isolation.
Define population.
A group of individuals of the same species living in the same area at the same time.
The earth is estimated to be ________ BYA.
4.6 BYA
Remains of structures that may have been important once is no longer necessary for survival today. What are we defining?
Vestigial structure
What type of selection has two bell curves?
Disruptive selection
Give an example of reproductive isolation
Habitat, temporal, behavioral, mechanical, gametic isolation or hybrid viability, hybrid fertility.
What is the newly added category of the classification system that was originally created by Linnaeus?
Domain
What did Lamarck suggest about characteristics?
That they were inheritance of Acquired Characteristics
In order for natural selection to occur, what must the organism possess?
inherited characteristics well suited for the environment
What mechanism of speciation spontaneously forms a new species within a population?
Sympatric
Darwin's finches is an example of what type of evolutionary pattern?
Adaptative radiation
Rabbits are white, grey, and black. In the current environment, white rabbits stand out catching a eagle's eye. While black rabbits are too dark and stand out against the environment. What type of selection is occuring?
Stabilizing selection
What did Darwin suggest about Evolution?
Inherited genes in a population transform over time
How does molecular biology demonstrate evolution?
Molecular biology shows molecular similarities of organisms. These similarities suggest there was once common ancestor between two species and continue to show the genetic similarities in DNA.
How is fitness measured of an organism?
Measured by production of healthy offspring
Define gradualism and Punctuated equilibrium.
Gradualism - evolution occurs slowly over time with small morphological changes. Punctuated equilibrium - evolutionary development is marked by isolated episodes of rapid speciation between long periods of little or no change.
Explain the process of naming an organism? (binomial nomenclature)
Two part Latin name. First part - first letter is capitalized and second part - all lowercase letters.
Explain how Endosymbiosis is related to evolution?
Endosymbiosis shows us how the evolution of eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells, made possible by endosymbiosis, allowed for multicellularity, cell specialization, and large size. They played a crucial role in the diversity of animals, plants, and fungi we see today.
Some organisms do not survive in some environments, why? Give two explanations using what you know about natural selection to answer the question.
1. There inherited traits were not successfully enough to be able to reproduce. 2. Bottleneck effect 3. Reproductive isolation 4. Small gene pool 5. The characteristics did not adapted to environment
In California, a forest fire had occurred causing damage to trees over 29 square miles. Many squirrels that lived in the forest was eliminated from the population. Now only a handful of squirrels remain in the surviving population. What type of effect has occurred?
Bottleneck effect
A honeysuckle flower has evolved into specific colors, shapes, and scents to attract pollinators such as a hummingbird. Overtime, the hummingbird's mouth has elongated to be able to properly pollinate the honeysuckle. What type of pattern of evolution does this example demonstrate?
Coevolution
Name hierarchy categories.
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genuis, Species