mutation
are mutations random
does gene flow occur by chance
yes
which two sub-mechanisms belong to genetic drift
bottleneck effect and the founder effect
is natural selection random
no
what is the source of all new alleles
mutation
false
by chance alleles move into another population
define genetic drift and describe whether it is random or not random
by chance (so yes random) only a sub-set of alleles from the population are present in the next generation.
true or false natural selection causes individuals to evolve
false only populations can evolve
explain what the bottleneck effect is and what mechanism of evolution it is
genetic drift: A natural disaster or other event reduces the size of a population, leaving survivors with different allele frequencies than the original population.
define mutation
change in DNA sequence that results in new alleles
does gene flow result in more or less genetic diversity
more genetic diversity
what is the founder effect
A small group of individuals breaks off from a larger population to establish a new population, with different allele frequencies than the original population.
describe natural selection
alleles that increase the ability to reproduce in a specific environment become more frequent over time
what is called when a small population has 4 alleles present and after 6 generations there is only one allele present(has to do with genetic drift)
fixation
are mutations always harmful
no
give an example of gene flow
seed and pollen dispersal from one population to another
small populations
what does fitness mean when regarding to natural selection
reproductive success
what is an adaptation
a trait or behavior that can be inherited that increases reproduction success
give an example of gene flow in animals
migration
does genetic drift lead to more or less genetic diversity and why
less genetic diversity because only a subset of the alleles from the population are apparent in the next generation
The idea that organisms best suited to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce is often summarized by this phrase.(not going to be tested on this, just a fun question)
survival of the fittest.
a group of foxes travels to an island when the tide is low and they get stuck on the island and start a new population on the island which a specific mechanism of evolution is displayed
the founders effect which is a sub mechanism of genetic drift