Classification and Life on Earth
The science of classifying organisms
What is taxonomy?
Structures in organisms that indicate an evolutionary relationship to other organisms even though they do not have the same function
What are homologous structures?
Lamarck's theory that organisms develop features over their lifetime that they then pass on to their offspring
What is the theory of acquired traits?
True or false - individual organisms evolve into new species
What is false? - populations evolve into new species
The two levels of classification used to designate a specific organism (used in binomial nomenclature)
What are genus and species?
The _________ record is used to study organisms from earlier geologic ages to determine evolutionary relationships
What is fossil?
____________ selection is when traits are specifically chosen by humans for organisms to reproduce and pass on to offspring
What is artificial?
All organisms of the same species that live in the same area
What is a population?
Eukarya is the domain for these types of organisms
What are eukaryotes?
The very early stages of organism development that is studied to determine evolutionary relationships
What are embryos?
The evolutionary process by which organisms with the best suited traits for an environment are more likely to survive and pass on their traits to future generations
What is natural selection?
All the genes of all the members of a population are
What is a gene pool?
House cats have the specific name felis catus - give the genus they belong to
What is felis?
A __________ structure is one that an organism inherits and grows but no longer has use for - it is simply inherited from ancestors that did need the structure BONUS: Give an example of a human structure of this type
What is vestigial?
Goosebumps, the small eye membrane, muscles moving ears, wisdom teeth
A measure of an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in its environment
What is fitness?
List three of the five possible ways allele frequencies in populations may be affected
What are mutations / migration / nonrandom mating / genetic drift / selection?
A group of organisms that can mate with one another to produce fertile offspring
What is a species?
The four-letter acronym for the four types of evidence for evolution
What is F A M E ? (Fossils / anatomy / molecular biology / embryology)
A form of speciation by which a new species arises due to geologic separation from an original population
What is allopatric speciation?
The theory that eukaryotes evolved from prokaryotes invading other cells and evolving together with their host cell
What is the endosymbiotic theory?