Evolution
Which of the following is an example of evolution?
A) A dog learning new tricks after being trained by its owner.
B) A population of insects developing resistance to a pesticide over many generations.
C) A person gaining muscle after going to the gym for several months.
D) A chameleon changing its skin colour to blend in with its surroundings.
B
Finish the sentence:
Adaptations occur due to _____________
Mutations
Finish the sentence:
Sexual reproduction _____________ genetic variation.
Increases
What is speciation?
Speciation = the process by which one species splits into two or more.
What is gene flow?
Gene flow is the movement of traits (alleles) between populations.
Define heritable.
Heritable refers to the traits passed from parent to offspring.
What are the three types of mutations?
Beneficial, Harmful and Neutral
Define genetic drift.
is the change in the frequency of gene variants (alleles) in a population due to random chance, rather than by selection.
Identify the four types of isolation.
Temporal, geographic, behavioural and mechanical
Define mechanical isolation
physical incompatibility
What is evolution?
The change in heritable traits over a period of time (generations)
A camel’s hump is this type of adaptation because it stores fat.
What type of mutation is this?
Beneficial
What type of offspring does asexual reproduction produce?
What is temproal isolation and provide an example?
different breeding times
What is biodiversity?
variety of life at genetic, species, and ecosystem levels.
What is evolution driven by?
Adaptations/Natural selection
Describe how peppered moths adapted to their environment?
white peppered moths turned black to camoflage into soot-coverred trees.
Explain the Founder's effect.
small group moves away and starts new population → traits may not represent the original group.
What are four requirement of speciation?
variation, isolation, time, and natural selection.
Describe natural selection.
1.Variation exists.
2.Competition for resources.
3.Some survive better.
4.Survivors reproduce.
Traits become more common
What are two requirements for evolution to occur?
Variation and sexual reproduction
Describes how Finches adapted to their environment?
Finches developed different beak shapes in response to the different food sources avaliable in their environment
Explain how meosis/sexual reproduction increases variation in offspring.
One of:
Crossing Over (chromosomes exchange sections during meiosis).
Independent Assortment (random shuffling of chromosomes).
What are the two types of speciation?
Sympatric and allopatric
What are the two ways gene flow can occur?
Through migration or interbreeding