Fossils, Gradualism, and Catastrophism
Older fossils are located here relative to younger fossils
What are deeper rock layers?
The major difference that separated the many species of finch Darwin found across the Galapagos islands
What is the size and shape of their beaks?
Wild animals have developed specific traits and behaviors via this mechanism
What is natural selection?
Special proteins in the blood of fish that act as antifreeze are an example of this type of adaptation
What is physiological?
The disappearance of a species is called this
What is extinction?
Erosion of soil by wind and water, the rise and fall of sea levels, and small changes in land caused by earthquakes and volcanoes were all used by Charles Lyell to support this theory
What is gradualism?
A female poison arrow frog laying hundreds of eggs at a time is an example of this one of Darwin's observations
What is all species are capable of producing more offspring than can survive?
Two males of a species fighting over a mate is an example of this type of competition
What is intraspecific competition?
Gorillas being larger and more muscular than chimpanzees is an example of this type of adaptation
What is physical?
Animals raising their young together to help each parent find food is an example of this type of adaptation
What is behavioral?
A fossil being found in one rock layer, but not in any of the higher layers is evidence of this
What is extinction?
The population size of an organism being very similar to that of the previous generation is an example of this one of Darwin's observations
What is population numbers tend to be stable?
The breeding of dogs by humans for different traits and behaviors would be considered this
What is artificial selection?
Rapid diversification of a species is called this
What is adaptive radiation?
The appearance of a new species is called this
What is speciation?
Sudden, violent changes being responsible for the geological features of the Earth is the claim of this theory
What is catastrophism?
What is there are limited resources?
The large, heavy, bright feathers of the male peacock provide no survival advantage and are likely a result of this process
What is sexual selection?
This happens to organisms when environmental factors reach their zone of intolerance
What is they die?
The brightness, pattern, and toxicity of poison arrow frogs being different from frog to frog is an example of this one of Darwin's observations
What is individuals within a population vary in their traits?
Different beak sizes and shapes are advantageous depending on this
What is the kind of food that is available?
This evolutionary idea would suggest, for example, that elephants used to have short trunks, but stretched them when little food or water was available, and passed this trait along to the next generations
What is Jean-Baptiste Lamarck's inheritance of acquired traits?
This ecological factor likely explains the brightly-colored feathers of male songbirds
What is sexual selection?
Monarch butterflies migrating south during the winter months is an example of this type of adaptation
What is behavioral?
Organisms resembling their parents is an example of this one of Darwin's observations
What is differences in traits are passed on to offspring?