Evolution and Early Scientist
What is an adaptation?
A feature that better allows an organism to survive in its environment .
What is the process by which humans change a species by breeding it for certain traits?
artificial selection
Homologous structures are structures that
Have similar underlying structures because of common ancestry
what is the combined alleles of all the individuals in a population?
gene pool
Which equation is used to find genotype frequencies in a Hardy-Weinberg population?
p² + 2pq + q² = 1
Who was Charles Darwin predecessor, also his god father?
Erasmus Darwin
A population of finches has different beak sizes. The available food changes, and birds with larger beaks can eat the new food more easily. Over many generations, larger beaks become more common. This is an example of:
Natural Selection
Give an example of organisms with Analogous Structures
bird wing and insect wing
what is a measure of how common a certain allele is in the population ?
allele frequency
A few individuals leave a population and start a new population in a different location. This is an example of:
Founders Effect
What did Carolus Linnneuas do?
Developed a classification system for all types of organisms known at the time.
What was the name of Darwin's book published in 1859?
On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection
Darwin proposed there was a relationship between crabs and barnacle in the embryo form. What is this form of studying called?
embryology
A scientist wants to determine how common allele G is in a population.
Which calculation should the scientist use?
Number of copies of G ÷ total number of alleles
A wildfire leaves only a small number of individuals from a population alive. The remaining population has much less genetic diversity. This is an example of:
bottleneck effect
Finding fossils of organisms such as the Glyptodon proved what about the Earth's age?
The Earth was older than 6000 years
What are the 4 main principles to the theory of natural selection?
Adaptations, overproduction, variation , descendants with modification
Whta is paleontology?
The study of fossils or extinct organisms
how does gene flow occur?
when individuals move in and out of populations
If q = 0.40, what is p?
.60
What is the term that describes landforms resulted from slow changes over a long period of time?
gradualism
What is the measure of the ability to survive a produce more offspring relative to other members of the population in a given environment?
fitness
What are vestigal strcutures?
remnants of organs or structures that had function in early ancestors
A population contains 100 total alleles for a particular gene. 20 of those alleles are g.
What is the frequency of allele g?
20%
A population has an allele frequency of p = 0.70.
Which value represents p²?
.49