Evolutionary Relationships
The process of how organisms acquire adaptations or change over time is called this.
What is evolution?
This is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive.
What is an adaptation?
In order for natural selection to occur populations must first do this.
What is over-reproduce?
This is a collection of all remains of all organisms that lived through the entire history of earth.
What is the fossil record?
This man believed that acquired traits could be passed from parent to offspring.
Who is Jean Lamarck
As a populations’ habitat changes over time, a species with a high level of variation would have this.
What is a better chance of survival?
Darwin concluded that the mechanism/ or process for evolution is this.
What is natural selection?
Over 90% of the DNA base sequences for hemoglobin in chimpanzees and humans are identical, which line of evidence is being used here?
What is DNA comparison?
This man described the process of natural selection or survival of the fittest through inherited traits.
Who is Charles Darwin?
Explain how mutations occur in an organism and how they affect a population.
What is mutations occur randomly in genes and produce variation of traits in a population?
The climate of a certain area is cold, and snow is found on the ground most of the year. Equal numbers of two populations of rabbits are introduced into this climate by a group of scientists. One of the populations is brown and the other is white. Over several generations, this will happen.
What is there will be more white rabbits than brown rabbits?
Side Note: (**White fur is an adaptation**)
What explains that not every feature of an ancestor's embryo is shown in its descendants later in development?
What is Embryology?
Species that share more similarities in their DNA are _____ than those that share fewer similarities.
What is more closely related?
Populations with many variations have a better chance of survival than a population with little or no variations when this happens.
What is there is a change in the environment?
List and explain the 4 steps that sufficiently summarize the process of natural selection.
What is
Populations over-reproduce: All organisms produce more offspring than can survive to adulthood and reproduce. Survivors that are able to reproduce pass their traits on to their offspring.
Individuals in a population vary (Variation): There is random variation in traits among individuals in a population of a species. Even though the variations are by chance, they are then passed on.
Favorable adaptations survive (Adaptation):When an environment changes, selection of favorable traits occurs. Adaptations that fit well with the environment are passed to the offspring.
Favorable adaptations accumulate (selection): Over many generations favorable adaptations accumulate. This may eventually lead to a new species.
What is described as a structure found that is no longer used by the organism
What is Vestigial Structure?
This is said to have happened when a new species forms due to geographical isolation.
Allopatric speciation
The separation of the continents through plate tectonics result in new species because _____.
What is once a population becomes separated they can no longer breed, so the separated populations evolve differently and eventually become different species?
Explain how Darwin’s observations of finches in the Galapagos Islands led to his ideas about natural selection.
What is
He observed that finches on the islands were slightly different from those found on the mainland. He also noted slight differences in finches from island to island.
The difference that he found most notable was the differences in beak shape. It appeared to be different based on the type of food eaten, and therefore Darwin concluded that the finches were adapted for the type of food they ate.
From his observations, Darwin hypothesized that an ancestral species of finch from the mainland ended up on the Galapagos, and the finches were scattered to different environments. Then, they had to adapt to different conditions, and over many generations evolved into new species.
What is the word used to describe similar structures found in difference species that have different functions?
What is a Homologous Structure?