Vocabulary
Evidence for Evolution
Natural Selection
Interactions
100
This is the change in the frequency of alleles in a population's gene pool over time
What is evolution?
100
These are remains of ancient organisms that provide a snapshot of life millions of years ago
What are fossils
100
When environmental conditions change, natural selection will select individuals that
a. Have the traits that are most beneficial.
b. Mutate in response to changing conditions.
c. Move to a different environment.
d. Join members of another species in the area.
A. Have the traits that are most beneficial
100
This type of interaction benefits both species
What is mutualism?
200
All genetic variation in a population starts with this
What is random, genetic mutation?
200
This is when humans change a species over time by choosing and breeding individuals with desirable traits
What is artificial selection?
200
How is natural selection in the evolution of long necks in giraffes best explained?
a.Shorter-necked giraffes were killed by long-necked giraffes.
b.Giraffe necks grew longer because of the bone structure of the animals.
c.Giraffes with longer necks survived because they were better suited to the environment.
d.Long-necked giraffes mated only with other long-necked giraffes.
c. Giraffes with longer necks survived because they were better suited to the environment.
200
In this interaction, one species lives on or in another species and harms the host by feeding on it
What is parasitism?
300
The ability to survive and reproduce
What is fitness?
300
Why do species that are closely related have very similar DNA?
They recently evolved from a common ancestor
300
In a desert environment, there are two members of the same species of lizard. Lizard A can hold more water in its body than lizard B. Natural selection favors lizard A, because it is better adapted and thus more likely to
a. Reproduce more than lizard B.
b. Drink less water than lizard B.
c. Avoid more predators than lizard B.
d. Eat more than lizard B.
a. Reproduce more than lizard B.
300
Type of interaction where one species benefits and the other is neither helped nor hurt
What is commensalism?
400
The process where the individuals who are the best adapted to their environment survive, reproduce, and pass on their genes to the next generation. It is NOT random
What is natural selection?
400
A storm destroys the tall shade trees in a forest. In the following days, increased sunlight reaches the forest’s floor. Although most individuals of light-intolerant plant populations (plants that can’t be in the sun) die, some individuals survive. Which of the following best explains this?
a.A trait that already existed in the population became favorable when the environment changed.
b.The loss of shade caused a mutation in some individuals.
c.Individuals that preferred the light outcompeted individuals that preferred shade.
d.Individuals that survived the loss of shade were healthier than the individuals that died.
a. A trait that already existed in the population became favorable when the environment changed.
400
Which of the following explains how variation is important for the survival of a species that exists in a changing environment?
a. Variation increases as a result of environmental changes.
b. The amount of variation increases due to increased mutation rates.
c. Variation increases the chance that some members of the population will survive.
d. Variation rates increase due to natural selection.
C. Variation increases the change that some members of the population will survive
400
Lions and hyenas both eat gazelles. What type of interaction takes place between the lion and hyena?
What is competition?
500
a characteristic that improves an individual's ability to survive and reproduce in a particular environment
What is an adaptation?
500
If a population has more _________________, at least a few individuals in that population are more likely to survive changes in the environment
If a population has more GENETIC VARIATION/DIVERSITY at least a few individuals in that population are more likely to survive changes in the environment
500
Bees eat nectar from flowers. The bees get a meal and the plant gets to spread its pollen to other plants in the process. This is an example of what type of interaction?
What is mutualism?
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