A specific structure, function and/or behaviour that increases a chance of surviving.
100
Who are the two evolutionists we have studied the theories of?
Jean Baptiste Lamarck and Charles Darwin.
100
Can you list the types of evolution?
Divergent, Convergent and Parallel Evolution.
100
Define what is meant by the term SPECIES?
A group of organisms that normally interbreed in nature to produce fertile offspring.
100
What are fossils? What are various types of fossils?
The preserved evidence of past life usually found in sedimentary rock. Types: found in ice or sap, hard parts of organisms, impressions from organisms, evidence of the presence of organisms.
200
What is an example of an adaptation?
Come on there are so many examples!!!!!!!!!!.
200
Explain Lamarck's theory, using an example?
**** Bonus Points ****
Lamarck beleived that organisms adapted through their struggle to survive. These changes are called acquired characteristics. Giraffe example (p.89)
200
What does DIVERGENT EVOLUTION result in?
Adaptive radiation - ancestral organisms become adapted to their new environments, evolving into new forms to suit them. (Marsupial example p.99).
200
What do we call the formation of a new species? Explain why it might happen.
SPECIATION - Geographic isolation, Natural Selection or Reproductive isolation.
200
How are the age of fossils determined?
**** BONUS POINTS ****
Geological time scale, fossile record, carbon dating, radioactive dating.
300
What term do we use to describe the fact that organisms are not identical? Why does it occur?
Variation - particularly important if the environmental conditions change.
300
Explain Darwin's theory of Evolution?
Darwin believed in a theory of Natural Selection - species evolved over time to best adapt to their environment. All species evolved from a common ancestor. (Galapagos Island Finches - p. 90).
300
**** BONUS POINTS ****
When does CONVERGENT EVOLUTION occur?
When organisms evolve and develop similar adaptations due to:
* Living in similar environments.
* Having similar lifestyles/food sources.
300
What is the name given to a person who studies fossils?
YOU NEED TO SPELL IT!!!!!!
300
What else can we use to complete the record of life forms?
**** Bonus Points ****
Provide a definition for EVOLUTION?
The gradual development of a species from a common ancestor.
400
What is Natural Selection ?
The process by which the environment 'selects' favourable characteristics.
400
When might PARALLEL EVOLUTION occur?
Where related species evolve similar features while separated from each other - egs: p101.
400
**** Bonus Points ****
What is meant by the fossil record?
A record that traces the major events in the history of life on Earth.
400
What order of organisms do humans belong to?
List some features of this group.
**** BONUS POINTS ****
Primates - see p.115.
500
What do we mean by favourable characteristics?
These characteristics will be inherited, over several generations the favourable characteristics will become more common. These organisms will become best suited to their environment and are most likely to produce offspring.
500
Can you explain the case of the Peppered Moths?
See page - 96-7.
500
What does the term ANALOGOUS STRUCTURE mean?
Specific body parts that appear similar - for example: Gliding Possums.
500
Spell the species and genus name for humans.
Well could you do it - correctly?
500
List two of our distant ancestors.
Australopithecus - for example. Did you know any others?