ORIGINS
DARWIN
MECHANISMS
PATTERNS
MISC
100
NAME 2 PLACES LIFE MAY HAVE ORIGINATED.
•WARM OCEANS
•DEEP SEA HYDROTHERMAL VENTS
100
TWO SOURCES OF GENETIC VARIATION ARE:
MUTATIONS, GENETIC RECOMBINATION (CROSSING OVER IN MEIOSIS)
100
THE MECHANISM THAT STATES THAT ORGANISMS WITH THE BEST ADAPTATIONS WILL SURVIVE AND REPRODUCE.
NATURAL SELECTION
100
THE FORMATION OF NEW SPECIES REQUIRES ________. GIVE 2 EXAMPLES.
REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION – GEOGRAPHIC, BEHAVIORAL, TEMPORAL, CHROMOSOMAL, MECHANICAL
100
STRUCTURES THAT ARE REDUCED IN SIZE AND FUNCTION AND ARE EVIDENCE OF COMMON ANCESTRY. GIVE AN EXAMPLE.
VESTIGIAL – APPENDIX, WHALE/ SNAKE PELVIS
200
DESCRIBE A HYPOTHETICAL SEQUENCE FOR CHEMICAL EVOLUTION.
ATMOSPHERIC CHANGES LEADING TO:
•INORGANIC MOLECULES – ORGANIC MOLECULES – RNA – DNA – PROTEINS - CELLS
200
DEFINE FITNESS.
THE ABILITY TO SURVIVE, REPRODUCE, AND PASS ON YOUR GENES TO THE NEXT GENERATION
200
THE MECHANISM THAT DRIVES EVOLUTION TO OCCUR THROUGH CHANCE EVENTS LIKE THE FOUNDER EFFECT AND BOTTLENECK EFFECT.
GENETIC DRIFT
200
WHEN ONE ANCESTRAL SPECIES COLONIZES A NEW ENVIRONMENT, SPREADS TO OTHER ENVIRONMENTS AND EVOLVES INTO SEVERAL RELATED SPECIES WITH A COMMON ANCESTOR. EX. DARWIN’S FINCHES
ADAPTIVE RADIATION
200
NAME THE MATHEMATICAL PRINCIPLE THAT STATES THAT THE ALLELE FREQUENCIES IN A STABLE, NON-EVOLVING POPULATION WILL REMAIN THE SAME FROM GENERATION TO GENERATION.
HARDY-WEINBERG PRINCIPLE
300
WHAT TWO MOLECULES NEEDED TO BE MADE FIRST IN ORDER FOR LIFE TO EXIST?
DNA & RNA
300
WHAT ARE BODY PARTS THAT ARE SIMILAR IN STRUCTURE BUT HAVE A DIFFERENT FUNCTION? GIVE AN EXAMPLE.
HOMOLOGOUS STRUCTURES –
DOLPHIN FLIPPER, HUMAN ARM, BAT WING
300
THE MECHANISM FOR EVOLUTION THAT IS RELATED TO AN INDIVIDUALS ABILITY TO ATTRACT A MATE. GIVE AN EXAMPLE.
SEXUAL SELECTION- Peacocks, Cardinals, Humans
300
NAME THE TYPE OF EVOLUTION THAT CAN OCCUR WHEN 2 SPECIES EVOLVE SIDE BY SIDE, INFLUENCING EACH OTHER. (IT CAN LEAD TO MUTUALISM, PARASITISM, EVOLUTIONARY ARMS RACE WITH PATHOGENS…)
COEVOLUTION
300
NAME THE THEORY FOR THE RATE OF SPECIATION THAT EXPLAINS THAT EVOLUTION OCCURS IN SMALL GRADUAL STEPS.
GRADUALISM
400
THEORY THAT EXPLAINS HOW EUKARYOTIC CELLS EVOLVED FROM PROKARYOTIC CELLS.
ENDOSYMBIOSIS
400
SUMMARIZE DARWIN’S THEORY. (3-5 PARTS)
1. POPULATIONS HAVE HERITABLE VARIATIONS
2. ORGS OVERPRODUCE OFFSPRING
3. SOME ORGS HAVE A REPRODUCTIVE ADVANTAGE (NATURE SELECTS ORGS WITH BEST ADAPTATIONS TO SURVIVE AND REPRODUCE)
400
THE TYPE OF NATURAL SELECTION IN WHICH A CHANGE IN THE ENVIRONMENT FAVORS AN EXTREME PHENOTYPE.
DIRECTIONAL SELECTION
400
NAME THE TYPE OF PATTERN THAT OCCURS WHEN UNRELATED SPECIES EVOLVE TO RESEMBLE EACH OTHER BECAUSE THEY LIVE IN SIMILAR ENVIRONMENTS. (EX. EUROPEAN MOLES AND MARSUPIAL MOLES)
CONVERGENT EVOLUTION
400
THIS TOOL CAN ESTIMATE THE TIME SPECIES HAVE DIVERGED BY COMPARING THE NUMBER OF DNA DIFFERENCES IN CERTAIN GENES.
MOLECULAR CLOCK
500
NAME THE 2 ORGANELLES THAT EVOLVED THROUGH ENDOSYMBIOSIS AND GIVE 2 PIECES OF EVIDENCE THAT SUPPORTS THE THEORY.
MITOCHONDRIA, CHLOROPLASTS – BOTH HAVE OWN DNA, 2-3 MEMBRANES
500
NAME THREE PIECES OF EVIDENCE THAT SUPPORT DARWIN’S THEORY
1. FOSSIL RECORD
2. BIOGEOGRAPHY
3. COMPARATIVE ANATOMY (HOMOLOGOUS/ VESTIGIAL STRUCTURES)
4. EMBRYOLOGY
5. MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (DNA)
500
WHAT ARE TRAITS THAT INCREASE AN ORGANISMS SURVIVAL? GIVE THREE EXAMPLES.
ADAPTATIONS –
CAMOUFLAGE, MIMICRY, ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE
500
NAME THE IDEA THAT PROPOSES THAT THE RATE OF SPECIATION EXPERIENCES LONG PERIODS OF STABILITY INTERRUPTED BY SHORTER BURSTS OF EVOLUTION. IT CAN EXPLAIN GAPS IN THE FOSSIL RECORD.
PUNCTUATED EQUILIBRIUM
500
WHO’S INCORRECT THEORY OF EVOLUTION PROPOSED THAT ORGANISMS COULD CHANGE IF THEY NEEDED TO, AND PASS THOSE CHANGES ON TO OFFSPRING?
LAMARCK