Intro/Evidence
Forces of Evo
Hardy-Weinberg
Speciation
Classification/HOL
100
Students in a class measured the mass of various living organisms. They then kept the organisms in the dark for 24 hours before remeasuring them. None of the organisms were provided with nutrients during the 24-hour period. The data are as follows.
What is the dependent variable in this experiment?
Mass of the organism.
100
What force of evolution is this pollinator and plant an example of?
Coevolution
100
There are two alleles for fur color: L, l. Heterozygotes are grey. LL are black. How would you calculate l?
Multiple Brown by 2, add heterozygotes and divide by the total number of alleles in the population.
100
If a zygote is formed but cannot go to term, this demonstrates:
Reduced hybrid viability.
100
Name two monophyletic groups in the cladogram:
x+y, z+w+v
200
In an investigation of fruit-fly behavior, a covered choice chamber is used to test whether the spatial distribution of flies is affected by the presence of a substance placed at one end of the chamber. To test the flies’ preference for glucose, 60 flies are introduced into the middle of the choice chamber at the insertion point indicated by the arrow in the figure above. A cotton ball soaked with a 10% glucose solution is placed at one end of the chamber, and a dry cotton ball with no solution is placed at the other end. The positions of flies are observed and recorded every minute for 10 minutes.
What additional control variable should be introduced to improve this experiment?
Soak the other cotton ball with water so moisture is eliminated.
200
DAILY DOUBLE
Prairie dogs are small mammals that live in large colonies in burrows in the ground. Prairie dogs that are near their own relatives when a predator approaches are much more likely to issue a warning bark than those that are near unrelated prairie dogs. The prairie dogs that hear a warning bark are more likely to hide in their burrows than to remain above ground. However, the prairie dog that gives the warning bark is putting itself at increased risk of being identified and killed by the predator.
Why would this behavior not be selected against?
Even though the prairie dog is placed at risk, if living with family members there is a greater chance of the genes being passed on.
200
What is the percent of homozygous dominant individuals in population 2 in 2010?
56%
200
In an experiment, 100 mice were released into a field to which no other mice had access. Immediately after their release, a representative sample of mice was captured, their fur color was recorded, and they were returned to the field. After twenty years, a representative sample of mice was captured and the distribution of fur color was again recorded.
Is there evidence for speciation? Why or why not?
No. Still a single population.
200
Name a paraphyletic group in the diagram:
Multiple correct answers.
300
What are the five main points of Darwin's Theory of Evolution?
1) There is natural variation in a population.
2) There are more individuals than the environment can support.
3) There is competition.
4) There is differential survival.
5) There is differential reproduction.
300
This data represents this type of selection.
Disruptive Selection
300
What is the frequency of heterozygotes in population 1 in 1980?
0.42
300
Undersea landslides can disrupt marine habitats by burying organisms that live on the ocean floor. The graph above shows the size of a population of a certain organism that lives on the ocean floor. The population was affected by a recent landslide at the time indicated on the graph.
Will this event likely lead to speciation? Why or why not?
No. There is no reproductive isolation.
300
Name a polyphyletic group in the diagram:
Multiple Correct Answers
400
This form of evidence for evolution is called:
Biogeography
400
Name the specific evolutionary force and explain why it's non-adaptive:
Bottleneck Effect
Survivors are not selected for, but random.
400
Prove whether or not population 2 is in HW equilibrium:
It is not. P initially is 0.37 and then is 0.75.
400
Name all three post-zygotic barriers.
1) Reduced Hybrid Viability
2) Reduced Hybrid Fertility
3) Hybrid Breakdown
400
The theory that eukaryotic cells arose from prokaryotic cells engulfing one another.
The theory of endosymbiosis.
500
Which extinction lead to the environmental conditions that gave rise to the dinosaurs?
Permian
500
Name the type of selection in each trial:
I. Stabilizing
II. Stabilizing
III. Directional
IV. Directional
500
Draw a graph of genotype data to determine which type of selection population 1 is demonstrating:
Directional.
500
If a hybrid is capable of producing an offspring, but its offspring is not, this is an example of:
Hybrid Breakdown
500
The increase in oxygen in the Earth's atmosphere enabled this process that increased the complexity of life.
Aeorobic Respiration