Principles of Natural Selection
When lots of offspring and limited resources cause competition
Overproduction of offspring
What are mutations?
Any change in the DNA sequence
The study of the fossil record/ pre-historic life
Paleontology
The forming of a new species by evolution from a pre-existing species is called __?
speciation
Small scale evolution affecting only one population
Microevolution
A feature that allows an organism to better survive its environment
Adaptation
What is natural selection?
The best traits are more likely to survive and reproduce.
The study of the geographic distribution of plants and animals
Biogeography
The elimination of a species at a slow rate is called____?
Gradual extinction
Large scale evolution affecting multiple populations
Macroevolution
Differences in the physical traits of organisms
Variation
What is sexual selection?
Non-random mating
The study of embryo development
Embryology
What type of isolation occurs when species reproduce at different time of the year?
Temporal Isolation
A field of biology that classifies organisms
Taxonomy (phylogeny)
What is a change in gene frequency over time?
Descent with modification
What is gene flow? (hint think about migration)
The movement of genes into/out of a population
The study of chemical processes in living things (DNA)
Biochemistry
What type of isolation occurs when species live in the same region but in different habits?
Ecological Isolation
No changes in the allele frequencies in a population over time = no evolution
What is a measure of how well something can survive in its environment?
Fitness
The random changes in the frequency of alleles in a population over time is called what?
Genetic Drift
The study of the form of living things
Morphology
What is the difference between divergent and convergent evolution?
Divergent: Shares a common ancestor
Convergent: unrelated species evolve similar characteristics to match their environments
Species that only exist in one geographic region
endemic species