Genetic Variation
The parts of our cells that we inherit from our parents are called ______.
Genes
What type of bacteria is mostly likely to survive and reproduce in an environment with antibiotics
Least resistant, resistant or extremely resistant
Extremely resistant bacteria
Hemoglobin is a protein that carries what needed gas throughout the body?
Oxygen
Any remains of life preserved in a rock is called a _______.
fossil
An _________________, or the developing animal from fertilization through birth/hatching, can help us understand evolutionary relationships
embryo
Which scientist’s theory of evolution would support this statement: A population of giraffes has some with longer necks and some with shorter necks.
Charles Darwin
The process that results in the survival & reproductive success of individuals that have inherited traits best adapted to their current environment is called what?
Natural Selection
When a mutation occurs in the Hemoglobin gene, it causes the protein change and the red blood cells become what shape?
Sickle-shape
What law states that the youngest layer of rock is on top and the oldest is on the bottom?
Law of Superposition
Crocodiles, birds, bats, humans, whales and horses all have similar forelimbs which indicate they share a common what?
ancestor
A population of bacteria are treated with an antibiotic. One of those bacteria survive. Why didn’t the antibiotic kill it?
It has a mutation (making it unresponsive to the antibiotic).
Dark moths survive better than light moths in the polluted forest because they are camouflaged. What do you expect will happen to the moth population over time?
Black moths will be higher in number compared to light moths.
A person who inherits one normal gene and one mutated gene for Hemoglobin is known as what?
A carrier
Footprints & other animal tracks can be fossilized in the same way as actual body parts and are known as what?
Trace fossils
The similar structures in this picture, indicate that these animals use these structures in the _____ way.
Similar or same way
Forkbirds have 3 possible beaks: 1-tined, 2-tined and 4-tined. They eat circular hard foods. Categorize each variation as beneficial, neutral and harmful.
Beneficial: 4-tined beak
Neutral: 2-tined beak
Harmful: 1-tined beak
A trait that becomes more common because it increases survival and reproduction is called what?
An adaptation
What are the four letters that will show the correct story how a mutated hemoglobin gene can eventually lead to a person who is sickle cell anemic?
B-G-F-J
Two different whale fossils are found in the same layer of rock. What does that tell us about their relative age?
They are the same relative age.
Place in order of evolution from oldest to most recent. (Note: B & D fossils were found in the same rock layer)
(oldes) M - A - B/D - 0 (most recent)
Sickle cell mutation occurs when a mutation occurs in the hemoglobin gene and causes cells to be sickle shaped. Describe environments where sickle cell mutation is beneficial, neutral or harmful.
Beneficial: areas with high malaria & low/no healthcare. People who carry sickle cell gene survive more.
Neutral: areas with low malaria & good healthcare, sickle cell doesn’t help or hurt.
Harmful: High altitude environments
How would Darwin explain how giraffes have long necks compared to Lamarck?
Darwin: Giraffes have different length necks. Longer neck giraffes survive more and pass their longer necks to their offspring. Lamarck says giraffes keep stretching until their necks get longer & then pass on the trait to the offspring.
What are the four letters that will show the correct story how a NORMAL hemoglobin gene can eventually lead to a normal person WITHOUT sickle cell?
C- I- E/D - K
Based on the fossil record, place these fossil families in order from oldest to most recent evolution:
Mammals, Amphibians, Fish, Reptiles
Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Mammals
Embryos look most similar during what stage of development?
early