Evolution Basics
Evidence of Evolution
Genetic Variation
Natural Selection
100
This person wrote On the Origin of Species after a long voyage to the Galapagos Islands
Charles Darwin.
100
The whale's pelvic bones are an example of
vestigial structures
100
A change in the DNA sequence
Mutations?
100
Define Natural Selection.
The concept that organisms that are best suited to their environment will survive and reproduce, passing on their traits to the next generation.
200
A heritable trait that helps an organism better survive and reproduce in their environment
What is an adaptation?
200
Has similar bone structures and a common ancestor
Homologous Strutures
200
What is gene flow?
Organisms moving from a population of one species to a separate population of the same species, changing the allele frequency or introducing new traits
200
The evolutionary diversification of a single ancestral line where organisms display different adaptations in response to different selection pressures
What is adaptive radiation?
300
How well an organism is able to survive, adapt and reproduce in its environment
What is fitness?
300
Has similar functions but different structures and do not share a common ancestor 
What are analogous structures?
300
When a species separates into 2 groups that are geographically isolated from each other, creating 2 separate species
What is allopatric speciation?
300
What is stabilizing selection?
A change in a species population distribution where traits towards the average are favored, and extreme traits provide a disadvantage.
400
What is coevolution?
When adaptations of one species cause similar adaptations in another species, often found in species with symbiotic relationships, or parasites
400
How does embryology provide evidence of evolution?
similar developmental stages and features in embryos of different species suggest they share a common ancestor
400
A sharp decline in a population's genetic variation due to outside forces or random events such as natural disasters.
What is the bottleneck effect?
400
A change in population distribution of a species where one extreme trait is favored over the average
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What is directional selection.
500
The process where organisms that are not closely related develop similar traits as adaptations to similar environments
What is convergent evolution?
500
How do fossils provide evidence of evolution?
By showing that life has changed over time.
500
A decline in genetic variation when a small group becomes separated from a larger population
What is the founder effect?
500
What is disruptive selection?
A change in population distribution where two extreme traits are favored over the average, often a precursor to speciation. 