What is the name of the islands that influenced Charles Darwin greatly?
100
Process by which a breeder develops a plant or animal to have certain traits.
What is selective breeding?
100
South America
Where did the HSM Beagle intend to sail?
100
newly evolved features, such as feathers.
What are Derived Traits?
100
An early, pre-birth stage of an organism's development.
What is an embryo?
200
Lyell and Hutton
What two geologists convinced Darwin that the earth was very old?
200
On his voyage on the HMS Beagle, at the Galapagos Islands.
When did Darwin hypothesize evolution?
200
Patterns of Diversity, and/or
Living Organisms and Fossils
What were some things Charles Darwin observed on his expedition?
200
More primitive features, such as teeth and tails
What are Ancestral traits?
200
A measure of the relative contribution an individual trait makes to the next generation.
What is fitness, in relation to biology?
300
Lamarck
Who had ideas about evolution that were very different than Darwin's? Acquired characteristics... Lamarck believed that an organism adapted to its environment and could pass on these acquired traits to its offspring.
300
A change in a large group of organisms over a long time.
What is evolution defined as?
300
1835
When did the HSM Beagle land on the Galapagos Islands?
300
Anatomically similar structures inherited from a common ancestor.
What are homologous structures?
300
Morphological adaptations that allow them to blend in with their environments.
What is camouflage?
400
Malthus
Who influenced Darwin by demonstrating that populations may go unchecked? Malthus' work stated that populations grow faster than the food supply and so struggle to get enough food. This imbalance contributes to competition between organisms to survive. The most fit survive.
400
Darwin's theory created based on variations, inheritance, specific traits and their advantages.
What is natural selection?
400
2 years; 5 years.
How long was the HSM Beagles voyage to last, and how long did it actually last?
400
Structures that are reduced forms of functional structures in other organisms.
What are vestigial structures?
400
Another type of morphological adaptation, where one species evolves to resemble another.
What is mimicry?
500
Lamarck's basic ideas (List three.)
1. Change through use and disuse. Organisms that stretched their necks to eat would pass on this characteristic to offspring. No use --> shrink
2. Transmission of acquired characteristics
3. Increasing complexity
500
BONUS: On the last page of Charles Darwin's book.
Where was the term evolution first seen?
500
BONUS: Dry, cool climate
What is one characteristic of the Hood Island?
500
Snake pelvis,
Kiwi wings, or
Human appendix
What is an example of a vestigial structure?
500
BONUS: True.
True of False: All animals are in an embryonic state, before birth.