Evolution 1
The process in which a species has changed over time is known as this.
What is evolution?
He is known as the Father of Evolution
Who is Charles Darwin?
The Island where Charles Darwin explored...
Galapagos
This type of isolation happens when there is a physical barrier between 2 populations and they physically cannot reach each other to breed.
What is the geographic isolation?
This is a type of isolation where certain birds don't recognize the calling songs of other birds and can lead to speciation.
What is behavioral isolation?
Similar structures that evolved from a common ancestor such as the bones humans, cats, bats, and whales have in common.
What are Homologous Structures?
The scientific name of an organism is made up of these two parts
genus and species
Any inherited trait that increases an organism's chance of survival is known as this.
What is an adaptation?
Populations that are more likely to survive a changing environment need to have lots of these.
What are variations?
This type of selection occurs when the average phenotype is selected for and the extremes are selected against.
What is stabilizing selection?
Preserved remains of ancient organisms
What are fossils?
Type of cell that does not contain a nucleus
prokaryote
The concept that organisms who are the best suited to their environment will be the most successful
What is survival of the fittest?
Before Darwin, scientists believed these 2 things, which Darwin challenged.
What is species were unchanging and the Earth was only 10,000 yrs old
When two populations stop sharing this, speciation can occur? (2 words)
What is a gene pool?
This is what fossils show us about ancient organisms that gives us evidence for evolution
What is change slowly over time?
This piece of evidence explains why we have found the same kinds of fossils on different continents today
What is biogeography?
The two sources of variations in a population.
What are mutations and sexual reproduction?
Physical Characteristics that are passed down to the next generation such as hair, eyes, height, weight, etc. are determined by these. (Inherited from parents)
What are alleles?
Which term refers to the process by which individuals that are better suited to the environment survive and reproduce therefore passing down their genes to their offspring?
What is Natural Selection?
Organs/ structures that no longer serve a purpose and have disappeared or reduced in size
Vestigial Organs/Structures
This type of selection happens when one extreme phenotype is selected for.
What is directional selection?
If the same antibiotic is used too many times, it can become less effective against a certain type of bacteria and is known as this.
What is antibiotic resistance?
This type of isolation occurs when certain individuals prefer to live and breed in one specific area and others prefer to live and breed in a different area.
What is ecological isolation?
This type of isolation occurs when reproductive structures are physically incompatible.
What is mechanical isolation?
This piece of evidence shows that organisms that have genes and protein sequences that match closely, are closely related.
What is molecular analysis?
Evolutionists believe that similar organisms evolved from this.
What is a common ancestor?
The four pillars of natural selection - these are needed for natural selection to occur.
What are variation, inheritance, differential survival and reproduction, adaptation/evolution? (VIDA)
Study of how embryos develop similarly
What is Embryology?
When one species changes into two or more different species
Speciation
Body structures on different organisms that are similar in function but did not evolve from the same ancestor (bird wing and butterfly wing)
What are Analogous Structures?
While in the Galapagos Islands, Darwin noticed that the Finches' beak shape had evolved based on this.
What is the food source?
This type of natural selection happens when the average phenotype is selected against and the extremes are selected for.
What is disruptive selection?
This type of isolation occurs when members of a population start breeding at different times and can lead to speciation.
What is temporal isolation?