Goal 1: I can understand that a species is a group of closely related individuals that are capable of reproducing fertile offspring.
A population of Purple Gorillas feeds entirely on plants. But some of these Gorillas are good at digesting Plant A, while others are good at digesting Plant B. Still other Purple Gorillas are good at digesting Plant C. What might be an advantage of a single population of animals, such as the Purple Gorilla, having a very large amount of variability surround certain traits?
A. It makes it less likely that the population will split into different species, when selective pressures are increased
B. It increases the chance that some members of the population will survive under changing environmental conditions.
What is B; It increases the chance that some members of the population will survive under changing environmental conditions.
Select the traits of a bunny that allow it to be successful in its North Royalton environment.
small size, large size, speed, brown fur, white fur, pokiness
What is small size, speed, and brown fur.
White Sands National Monument in New Mexico gets its name from the extremely white sand that covers much of the ground. The eastern fence lizard is usually brown in color. What would living in White Sands National Monument for a few generations change about a population of eastern fence lizards?
A. The average color of the population would not change.
B. The average color of the population would become paler.
What is B. The average color of the population would become paler.
***Which two are more closely related?
A. Bear and Lamprey
B. Chimpanzee and Bear
What is B. Chimpanzee and Bear
***Which of the following best describes how a species changes over time?
A. Members of a species that are best adapted to survive and members with unfavorable traits both produce the same number of offspring.
B. Members of a species that are best adapted to survive produce offspring with similar characteristics, while members with unfavorable traits do not survive.
What is: B. Members of a species that are best adapted to survive produce offspring with similar characteristics, while members with unfavorable traits do not survive.
Peppered moths come in two color variations, as shown above. Prior to the Industrial Revolution, the majority of the population in England consisted of the light colored variation. The dark colored moth became the dominant variation by the end of the 20th century and remained so for almost 100 years. Today, the light colored variation is dominant again. What is the best explanation for this?
A. A single variation can be beneficial under some conditions and harmful under other conditions.
B. Populations with two variations have a better chance of survival than populations with more.
What is A; A single variation can be beneficial under some conditions and harmful under other conditions.
Suppose a small island is home to two troops of monkeys. Every year, a certain fraction of each troop of monkeys, are killed by predators. Every summer, each surviving pair of monkeys has one child. In this simplified model, the monkey population would look something like the charts above. The first troop spends more time on the ground. The second troop spends more time in the trees. Compare the sizes of the two monkey troops through time. Which of the following statements about the monkey troops is true?
A. Since members of the second troop were better able to avoid predators, more of them were able to reproduce.
B. Since members of the second troop were better able to reproduce, more of them were able to avoid predators.
What is A. Since members of the second troop were better able to avoid predators, more of them were able to reproduce.
***Charles Darwin coined the phrase "survival of the fittest" which means?
A. The most fit organisms survive
B. Those who best fit the environment survive
What is B. Those who best fit the environment survive.
**Select all the choices that provide evidence for evolution: fossils, rock types, homologous structures, cell structure, common features, DNA
What is: fossils, homologous structures, cell structure, DNA
A species of bird lives in a tropical ecosystem and survives by eating fruit. The climate of this location changes very quickly, and the ecosystem becomes too cold for fruit trees to survive. If the bird species cannot adapt to eat a different source of food, this species of bird will most likely...
increase in number, not be affected, become extinct
What is: become extinct
***What divides organisms into species?
What is: Scientists organize the living world using a process called taxonomy, which is the science of classifying organisms based on shared structures, functions, and relationships to other organisms. For example, organisms can be classified based on their cellular structure.
****Black squirrels are the same species as gray squirrels. A single litter of squirrels can have both black and gray squirrels. Over the past century, the percent of squirrels in the vicinity of Washington, DC, that are black instead of the more common gray has been continually increasing. Which of the following statements best explains why this is happening?
A. Black squirrels are more visible against tree trunks than gray squirrels.
B. Black squirrels have a survival advantage over gray squirrels.
What is B. Black squirrels have a survival advantage over gray squirrels.
***The climate and features of the Earth are always changing. Some populations have been able to survive by adapting to changes. Which characteristics of a population is most vital for allowing adaptation?
A. Immunity to disease
B. Genetic Variation
C. Population Size
What is B. Genetic Variation
***Besides looking at the fossil record, how can scientists prove evolution?
Direct Observation, radioactive dating, comparing footprints
What is: Direct Observation
***Which of the following best describes how a species changes over time?
A. Members of a species that are best adapted to survive and members with unfavorable traits both produce the same number of offspring.
B. Members of a species that are best adapted to survive produce offspring with similar characteristics, while members with unfavorable traits do not survive.
What is: B. Members of a species that are best adapted to survive produce offspring with similar characteristics, while members with unfavorable traits do not survive.
***Genetic variability between individuals of a population or a species is caused by:
A. Random Mutations
B. Mitosis
C. Sunburns
What is A. Random Mutations
***A pair of rabbits produce several offspring. Those offspring later produce their own offspring, which in turn produce their own offspring, and so on. Of the following generations, the ___________________ generation after the original pair of rabbits will be the most different from the original pair.
First, Second, Third, or Fourth
What is: Fourth
***Lizards and Newts evolved from a common ancestor. True or False
True
****Black squirrels are the same species as gray squirrels. A single litter of squirrels can have both black and gray squirrels. Over the past century, the percent of squirrels in the vicinity of Washington, DC, that are black instead of the more common gray has been continually increasing. Which of the following statements best explains why this is happening?
A. Black squirrels are more visible against tree trunks than gray squirrels.
B. Black squirrels have a survival advantage over gray squirrels.
What is B. Black squirrels have a survival advantage over gray squirrels.
Goal 1- Goal 2- Goal 3- Goal 4
******The diagram above represents an evolutionary path for a population of organisms. Each successive generation is indicated by number, with the oldest generation being Generation 1 and the youngest generations being Generation 4. Which of the following pairs of generations likely have the fewest genetic differences between them?
A. Generations 1 and 3
B. Generations 2 and 3
What is B. Generations 2 and 3
**Select all the choices that provide evidence for evolution: fossils, rock types, homologous structures, cell structure, common features, DNA
What is: fossils, homologous structures, cell structure, DNA