Evidence for Evolution
Which of the following is NOT a source of evidence used in Darwin’s time to support the theory of evolution?
A) Fossils
B) Anatomy
C) Embryology
D) Geology
D) Geology
What do we call a change in a species over time?
A- Adaptation
B- Evolution
C- Extinction
D- Environmental influences
B- Evolution
A measure of an organism’s ability to survive and reproduce relative to other members of the population in a given environment.
A) Adaptation
B) Speciation
C) Fitness
D) Variations
C) Fitness
A physical or behavioral trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment.
A- Adaptation
B- Trait
C- Mutation
D- Variation
A- Adaptation
Competition among males (such as male deer fighting each other with their antlers) is called...
A- Intersexual Selection
B- Intrasexual Selection
B- Intrasexual Selection
Which piece of evidence explains why some organisms are found worldwide, while others are only found in certain places?
a) Fossils
b) Biogeography
c) Anatomy
d) Molecular Evidence
b) Biogeography
Which of the following is TRUE about natural selection?
a) It changes individual organisms
b) It creates helpful alleles and adaptations
c) It can lead to evolution by changing populations
d) It acts in the best interest of a population
c) It can lead to evolution by changing populations
The movement of alleles between populations:
A- Alleles
B- Gene Flow
C- Genetic Drift
D- Sexual Reproduction
B- Gene Flow
A group of organisms that can reproduce and have fertile offspring is a...
A- Species
B- Population
C- Family
D- Group
A- Species
This type of event occurs when a few individuals start a new population:
A- Bottleneck effect
B- Mass extinction
C- Gene flow
D- Founder effect
D- Founder effect
Which piece of evidence describes the development of organisms, and shows similar developmental traits in unrelated species (like gills/tail)?
a) Embryology
b) Biogeography
c) Molecular Evidence
d) Analogous Structures
a) Embryology
Genetic drift, such as the bottleneck effect ...
A- Increases genetic diversity in a population
B- Decreases genetic diversity in a population
C- Increases population numbers
D- Keeps population numbers the same
B- Decreases genetic diversity
When two or more species evolve together, their evolutionary paths become connected and species evolve in response to changes in each other. This is called...
A) Convergent Evolution
B) Divergent Evolution
C) Coevolution
D)Speciation
C) Coevolution
All the individuals of the same species that live within a given environment.
A- Species
B- Population
C- Ecosystem
D- Group
B- Population
Lions are fast in order to catch and eat zebras. Therefore, zebras longer legs and more powerful muscles to run faster. In response, lions evolved to run even faster. This example illustrates which of the following relationships?
A) Convergent Evolution
B) Divergent Evolution
C) Competitive Coevolution
D) Beneficial Coevolution
C) Competitive Coevolution
The Peppered Moth population changing color from white to black in response to industrial pollution is an example of which form of evidence?
a) Biogeography
b) Embryology
c) Anatomy
d) Direct Observation
d) Direct Observation
Which of the following is NOT an example of divergent evolution?
a) Wolves evolving into many different dog breeds
b) One species of finch migrating to various islands and evolving into several species
c) Bats, birds, and butterflies all evolving wings and flight
d) Modern humans and chimpanzees sharing a common ancestor
c) Bats, birds, and butterflies all evolving wings and flight
Structures that have a similar function, but are not evidence of a common ancestor are called...
A- Analogous structures
B- Homologous structures
C- Vestigial structures
A- Analagous structures
When organisms are better adapted to their environment they will survive and reproduce more successfully than organisms less adapted. This process is called what?
A- Adaptation
B- Evolution
C- Selective Breeding
D- Natural Selection
D- Natural Selection
Language and tool use evolved as hominid species developed ____ jaws and ____ brains.
smaller jaws / larger brains
Which piece of anatomical evidence describes remnants of organs or structures that had a function in an early ancestor, such as leg bones in snakes?
Vestigial structures
Mutations are essential to evolution. Every genetic feature in every organism was, initially, the result of a mutation. Which of the following statements about mutations is true?
a) Mutations are harmful
b) Mutations occur randomly
c) Mutations cause organisms to evolve
d) Mutations are beneficial
b) Mutations occur randomly
Low gene flow between populations may lead to ______, or the development of a new species.
speciation
A researcher estimates there are 76 raccoons living in Buffalo Creek Park. This measurement is an example of which key term?
Population
Structures that are similar in form but different in function (same bones in cat paws, bat wings, dolphin fins, and human arms) are called ___.
homologous structures