Asexual Rep
How do bacteria reproduce?
Binary Fission
How are gametes produced?
Meiosis
What was the name of the ship that Darwin travelled on?
HMS Beagle
What happens when an allele is highly advantageous
It will have a higher frequency in future generations if it is advantageous
What is Macroevolution
As a result of a major environmental change/ event
Examples: volcanic eruption, earthquake, or an asteroid hitting Earth, which changes the environment so much that natural selection leads to large changes in the traits of a species.
Name the 5 types of asexual reproduction
1. Binary Fission 2. Fragmentation 3. Spore Formation 4. Budding 5. Vegetative Reproduction
Explain the difference between haploid and diploid
Haploid of a half set of chromosomes (1N). Diploid is a full set of chromosomes (2N). Diploid cells carry full genetic information. Haploid cells carry have the genetic information as when gametes meet to form a zygote then there will be a full set of chromosomes
What was Darwins key finding from the Galapagos Islands
Survival of the fittest, natural selection
What is a mutation
Give an example of genetic drift
natural disasters or introduction of a species to a new environment (NS then happens and selects for top traits)
Draw an example of vegetative reproduction
Various
What is the propose of Meiosis
Purpose is to reduce the chromosome number of the egg and sperm by half.
Explain what natural selection is
Natural selection states the organisms that are able to out compete will be able to survive to pass on their genes.
Explain what biological fitness is
It is the ability to survive to pass on your genetics to your offspring.
How punctuated equilibrium and neodarwinism different
Punctuated eq. is evolution in spurts compared to slow gradual change over time
What are the two methods of reproduction for a Hydra
Fragmentation and Budding
What is a tetrad
Explain how overproduction works?
Organisms in nature produce more offspring than can survive, and many of those who do not survive do not reproduce.
Explain how bacteria can evolve
Bacteria can evolve quickly due to their quick reproduction time. Bacteria will select for more characteristics such as resistance to anti-bacterial products. The bacteria that have this resistance then passes it onto the next generation.
Micro and macro evolution rely on the following
established mechanisms of evolutionary change: mutation, migration, genetic drift, and natural selection.
What are the disadvantages of Asexual reproduction
•An organism can reproduce without a mate.
•Some organisms can quickly produce a large number of offspring
•If an organism is at risk of disease or becoming extinct, a form of asexual reproduction can help reproduce
Finding a mate takes time and energy
What are the three non functional egg cells called?
Polar bodies
Explain in detail, how Darwin's Finches evolved?
Various answers
Explain why variation is important in evolution
Because the environment changes.
The more variation within a species, the more likely it will survive
EX: If everyone is the same, they are all vulnerable to the same environmental changes or diseases
The more variation of types of species in an habitat, the more likely at least some will survive
Explain how homologous features are evidence of Macro evolution
If two or more species share a unique physical feature, such as a complex bone structure or a body plan, they may all have inherited this feature from a common ancestor. Physical features shared due to evolutionary history (a common ancestor) are said to be homologous.