Evolution Basics
This English naturalist traveled the world on the HMS Beagle and developed the theory of evolution by natural selection.
Who is Charles Darwin
The total genetic information found in a population.
What is a gene pool?
A natural disaster drastically reduces a population for at least one generation.
What is bottleneck effects
Isolation that occurs when a river, canyon, or mountain physically separates populations.
geographic isolation
Fill in the blanks
__________ evolve overtime, not ____________
populations, individuals
The measurement of an organism’s ability to survive and reproduce.
What is fitness?
The movement of genes from one population to another population.
What is gene flow? or What is gene migration?
A small group from a larger population starts a new population with different allele frequencies.
What is the founder effect
When species evolve due to geographic separation.
allopatric speciation
A description of an observed phenomenon in science.
What is a scientific law?
Darwin’s principle stating that more offspring are produced than can survive.
What is overproduction?
A change in allele frequencies due to random chance.
What is genetic drift?
A hiker accidentally steps on a rare beetle population, leaving only four survivors from twenty.
What is genetic bottleneck?
Isolation that occurs when two species breed at different times of the day, season, or year.
What is temporal isolation
An explanation of how or why a phenomenon occurs.
what is scientific theory
This process explains how populations change over time as individuals with beneficial traits survive and reproduce more successfully.
What is natural selection?
Choosing mates based on certain traits such as bright feathers or large antlers.
What is sexual selection (or nonrandom mating)?
Genetic drift has the strongest impact on populations of this size
small populations
Isolation that occurs when differences in courtship behavior prevent two populations from mating.
behavioral isolation
The species concept that defines species as groups that can successfully interbreed and produce fertile offspring.
biological species concept
The four main principles Darwin used to explain how natural selection works.
genetic variation, overproduction, competition, and differential survival/reproduction
Three sources that result in genetic variation in evolution
mutations, recombination during meiosis, and random fertilization (sorting of gametes)?
The variety of genes in a population changing randomly rather than through selection.
genetic drift
The three main types of reproductive isolation.
What are behavioral isolation, temporal isolation, and geographic isolation?
A species classification method that uses the physical form and structure of organisms.
morphologically