How well an organism can survive and reproduce in its environment.
fitness
100
Evolution takes place through natural selection. Natural selection was observed taking place after the Industrial Revolution in the _________________ population in England.
peppered moth
100
An organism's environment plays an important role in determining its fitness.
true
200
Seeds from the same plant grow into plants that have different colored flowers.
There is variation among the newborn.
200
This color moth was most fit after the Industrial Revolution.
dark moth
200
A random change in the DNA sequence of an organism.
mutation
200
_________________ selection occurs when humans breed two organisms based on desired traits; this shows that species have the ability to change over the course of generations.
artificial selection
200
People in Darwin's time thought the Earth was 4.5 billion years old.
False: People in Darwin's time thought the Earth was 6000 years old.
300
Bacteria that is resistant to a particular antibiotic survives.
Those that survive are the most fit.
300
The change in coloration of the peppered moth is an example of __________________.
natural selection
300
The process by which organisms that are most suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully.
natural selection
300
_______________ led Darwin to develop his theory of evolution. (Hint: People in Darwin's time believed that these were placed in the ground by a higher power.)
fossils
300
Evolution occurs through natural selection.
true
400
Gazelles can run up to 60 mph to escape predators.
There is a struggle to survive.
400
This color moth was most fit before the Industrial Revolution.
light moth
400
A characteristic that increases an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in an environment.
adaptation
400
________________ structures indicate a common ancestor. (Hint: the bones of a bat's wing, a whale's fin, and a human arm)
homologous structures
400
An individual organism can evolve.
false: Evolution takes place over many generations.
500
Darker-colored moths were able to blend in with soot-covered trees after the Industrial Revolution. Birds were unable to detect them on trees, so the dark moths were less likely to be eaten.
Those that survive are the most fit.
500
This determined whether light or dark moths would be more likely to survive and reproduce.
the environment (whether or not trees were covered in soot)
500
Differences in structure or character from others of the same species.
variation
500
Considering the Bird Beak Buffet activity, different beaks are __________________ to different food sources.
adapted
500
Changes in the environment lead to variation in a species.
false: Mutations lead to variation within a species. Changes in the environment allow organisms with certain variations to survive.