Geological Time Scale
Which time represents the shortest period of time - era, eon, period, epoch?
Epoch
In which decade did Darwin publish his book, 'Origin of species' outlining his theory of natural selection?
1850's
What is speciation?
Formation of new species
What is an adaptation?
Feature or change that helps a living thing survive
Identify one piece of evidence for evolution.
fossil OR anatomical structures OR embryo comparison OR molecular biology OR biochemistry studies
What is a paleontologist?
What is 'natural selection'?
The species most suited to the environment are more likely to survive, reproduce and pass on characteristics.
What is a species?
Group of organisms capable of interbreeding to produce fertile offspring.
Can an adaptation occur in a single lifetime?
No
How do fossils form? (4 things)
Quick burial, little to no decay, undisturbed, left for long period of time)
How old is Earth?
4.6 billion years
What is the name of the scientist who was not working directly with Darwin but came up with the same theory at the same time?
Alfred Wallace
What is hydridisation?
When two different species produce offspring with a combination of traits from both parents (hybrids).
What is a structural adaptation of a giraffe?
Long neck
Which type of dating gives the most accurate age of a fossil?
absolute dating
What caused the mass extinction of the dinosaurs?
Asteroid AND massive volcanic eruptions
What was the name of Lamarck's theory of evolution?
Theory of acquired characteristics
What is an example of a hybrid that we studied in class?
Tion/ liger / zonkey
What is a behavioural adaptation of a dog?
pants when hot
What is the Law of Superposition?
Oldest fossils at bottom; youngest at top
What information do we get from fossilised stromatolites?
Photosynthesis first started around 2.8 billion years ago
How would the Lamarck's explanation of the length of the giraffe's neck differ from Darwin's?
Lamarck would say giraffe's necks get longer in a lifetime becasue they stretch it out, where as Darwing would say, giraffes with longer necks would reach more food, more liekly survive and pass the genes for long necks to offspring.
For speciation to occur, what must happen to a species?
isolation - could be reproductive, geographic or temporal
What is a physiological adaptation of a human?
various answers. e.g. blood vessels dilating so they are closer to skin to increase heat loss.
How does comparing embryos of different organisms support the theory of evolution
Similar features in embryos suggest a common ancestor