Making of a THEORY
Evidence
Patterns in Microevolution (Populations)
Patters in Macroevolution
MIX
100
The ship that Darwin was on that sailed around the world.
What is the H.M.S. Beagel?
100
Remains of ancient life found in the different layers of rock which has been formed at different times over the Earth's history.
What is fossils? A Fossil Record can be used to document how life has changed over time.
100
All the genes, including all the different alleles for those genes, that are present in a POPULATION.
What is gene pool?
100
Paleontologists divide the geologic time scale into these divisions and sub divisions.
What are Eons Eras Periods ?
100
Darwin coined this term, which describes the process by which farmers and breeders use heritable variation
What is artificial selection? In artificial selection, nature provides the variation and humans select those variations that they find useful.
200
Alfred Wallace did his field work 20 years after Darwin, and came up with a similar conclusion based on his observations he made in this part of the world.
What is the Malay archipelago (Malaysia and nearby Islands)?
200
Similar species of flightless large birds (emu, ostrich, etc...) can be found across the globe. This is an example of...
What is Geographic Distribution of Living Species? Biogeography... Similar environmental factors (convergent evolution), has led to the existence of similar but unrelated species.
200
The number of times a specific allele occurs in a gene pool?
What is relative frequency? microevolution = any change in the relative frequency of alleles in a population
200
The term used to describe the collapse of entire ecosystems when many species become extinct at the same time as a result of their entire environment and resources collapsing around them.
What is mass extinction? Food web collapse Multiple mass extinctions in the history of our planet.
200
Individuals that are better suited to their environment, they have adaptations that enable fitness...
What is survival of the fittest?
300
Hutton and Lyell reached these important conclusions...
What is Recognizing that the earth is many millions of years old and that the processes that changed Earth in the past are the same processes that operate in the present? (Geological Change) Lyell's Principles of Geology
300
In this early stage of development there are a lot of similarities between many animal species.
What is embryological development? (comparative embryology)
300
This happens in a population over time when individuals in a population at one end of the curve have higher fitness.
What is directional selection?
300
The process by which unrelated organisms come to resemble one another
What is convergent evolution?
300
Each species has descended, with changes, from another species, over time
What is descent with modification?
400
This economist influenced Darwin's and Wallace's thoughts from his writings where he described this.
Who is Thomas Malthus? Struggle for Existence, Competition for resources. Malthus reasoned that if the human population continued to grow unchecked, eventually there would be insufficient space and food for everyone (1798 London, England)
400
These are two types of body structures that suggest anatomical similarities and common ancestors.
What are homologous structures and vestigial organs?
400
These two types of selection select for the opposite.
What is stabilizing selection and disruptive selection?
400
The process by which two species evolve in response to changes in each other.
What is coevolution? in coevolution, each species is a primary part of the environmental pressure to each other.
400
As new species evolve, populations no longer interbreed or produce fertile offspring. This is the process of...
What is reproductive isolation?
500
Jean Baptiste Lamarck was the first naturalist to offer an explanation for how living organisms change over time. His hypothesis suggested this... but is flawed because of this...
What is The selective use or disuse of organs leads organisms to lose or gain traits during their lifetime. These traits are passed down to their offspring. Flaw: individuals do NOT evolve, (acclimation). Biologically speaking these traits can not be developed by one individual nor can they be passed down. (DNA code)
500
The difference between adaptation and acclimation
Adaptation: an inherited characteristic that increases an organisms chance of survival. It is inherited, and evolves over many generations. (developed by a population) Acclimation: short term response, by an individual, to respond to its environment. (not inherited/learned behavior)
500
When a species or a small group of species has evolved, into diverse forms that live in different ways.
What is adaptive radiation?
500
In the process of speciation, a species can become reproductively isolated by any one, or a combination, of these isolating mechanisms.
What is behavioral isolation (populations can interbreed but have different courtship rituals or strategies) geographic isolation (populations are separated by geographic barriers) temporal isolation? (two or more species reproduce at different times)
M
e
n
u