Random
Evidence of Evolution
Natural Selection
Beaks of Finches
Evolution
100
Rabbits eat plants and in turn are eaten by predators such as foxes and wolves. A population of rabbits is found in which a few have a genetic trait that gives them much better than average leg strength. Predict how the frequency of the trait for the above average leg strength would be expected to change in the population over time. Explain your prediction.
the frequency of the trait will increase because more rabbits with that trait will survive and reproduce and pass down that same trait.
100
Name and explain one type of evidence for evolution.
fossil, embryo, DNA, physical structure (explanations)
100
What is natural selection?
Organisms born with the best adaptations survive and pass on their traits to offspring. Organisms without these adaptations die and do not reproduce. Overtime, the population changes as more organisms inherit the adaptation
100
Name three traits other than beak characteristics that could contribute to the ability of a finch to compete successfully.
big, strong, long nails, camouflage, etc.
100
What is evolution?
A change in a population of organisms over time
200
Rabbits eat plants and in turn are eaten by predators such as foxes and wolves. A population of rabbits is found in which a few have a genetic trait that gives them much better than average leg strength. State what is likely to happen to the rabbits in the population that do not have the trait for above average leg strength.
they will die
200
What are fossils?
The remains of plants or animals that lived along time ago, preserved in rock
200
What is an adaptation?
Any heritable trait that helps that organism survive in its environment
200
What was a variation in the beaks of finches lab?
The different types of beaks
200
Which statement is best supported by the theory of evolution? (1) Genetic alterations (changes) occur every time cell reproduction occurs (2) The fossil record provides samples of every organism that ever lived. (3) Populations with advantageous characteristics will reproduce and increase in number (4) Few organisms survive when the environment remains the same
(3) Populations with advantageous characteristics will reproduce and increase in number
300
Which statement is most closely related to the modern theory of evo lution? (1) Characteristics that are acquired during life are passed to offspring by sexual reproduction. (2) Evolution is the result of mutations and recombination, only. (3) Organisms best adapted to a changed environment are more likely to reproduce and pass their genes to offspring. (4) Asexual reproduction increases the survival of species.
(3) Organisms best adapted to a changed environment are more likely to reproduce and pass their genes to offspring.
300
In the early stages of development, the embryos of dogs, pigs, and humans resemble one another. This observation suggests that these animals may have (1) a similar number of chromosomes. (2) similar habitat requirements (3) the same blood components (4) a common ancestry
(4) a common ancestry
300
What is Darwin's idea of common descent?
Darwin proposed that species living today are descended from older species that survived and reproduced.
300
Why did some "beak" types survive on the new island (with large seeds) when they could not survive on the original island (with small seeds)?
Because their beak was too big to pick up the small seeds, and big enough to pick up the larger seeds.
300
Explain Lamarck's law of use and disuse.
body parts that are not being used, such as the human appendix and little toes are gradually disappearing. Body parts that are being used get stronger.
400
what happens when the adaptive characteristics of a species are insufficient to allow its survival?
it becomes extinct
400
What are the 4 types of evidence for evolution?
comparing DNA, comparing embryos, comparing fossils, and comparing physical structure
400
According to Lamarck, giraffes have long necks today they have been stretching their necks until they become longer. Provide an explanation of how giraffes pass on the trait of long necks in terms of natural selection.
Giraffes were born with long necks because of variation. Those with long necks were able to survive in their environment and reproduce to make more giraffes with long necks.
400
Why were there fewer survivors at the end of round three?
because competition increased
400
Young birds that have been raised in isolation from members of their species build nests characteristic of their species. This suggests that the nest-building behavior is (1) an adaptation that was genetically inherited from parents (2) an adaptation learned by watching members of their species (3) a disadvantage to the survival of the species (4) a direct result of the type of food the bird eats
(1) an adaptation that was genetically inherited from parents
500
A species in a changing environment would have the best chance of surv ival as a result of a mutation that has a (1) high adaptive value and occurs in its skin cells (2) low adaptive value and occurs in its skin cells (3) high adaptive value and occurs in its gametes (4) low adaptive value and occurs in its gametes
(3) high adaptive value and occurs in its gametes
500
The amino acid sequence of three species shown below were determined in an investigation of evolutionary relationships. Species A: VAL HIS LEU SER PRO VAL GLU Species B: VAL HIS LEU CYS PRO VAL GLU Species C: VAL HIS THR SER PRO GLU GLU based on this data, which two species are most closely related? support your answer.
Species a and b because they have the most similar amino acid sequence with only one difference.
500
Describe survival of the fittest.
Fitness describes how well an organism can survive and reproduce in its environment. Some individuals have adaptations that make survival and reproduction easier. These individuals have high fitness. Individuals without these adaptations are more likely to die, and have less chance to produce offspring.
500
How might two native finch populations be affected if several dozen finches were to migrate to the island and survive?
The population may decrease because of the increase in competition (more birds, less food)
500
What is the difference between Lamarck's and Darwin's theory of evolution?
According to Lamarck, if an organism changes during life in order to adapt to its environment, those changes are passed on to its offspring. Darwin believed acquired traits CAN'T be passed down. He said that organisms.happen to have variations that help them to survive in their environments survive and have more offspring. The offspring are born with their parents' helpful traits, and as they reproduce, individuals with that trait make up more of the population.
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