Charles Darwin joined the crew of this ship and set sail from England in 1831.
What is the H.M.S. Beagle?
100
Changes can lead to the formation of a new species.
What is speciation?
100
Mutations and gene shuffling as a result of sexual reproduction are the two main sources of this phenomena.
What is genetic variation?
100
In this process Nature provides all of the varieties and Man selects the variations that are found most useful.
What is artificial selection?
100
This scientist first proposed the theory of evolution.
Who is Charles Darwin?
200
Charles Darwin made many observations and collected what would become evidence of Evolution on these islands west of Ecuador.
What are the Galapagos Islands?
200
As new species evolve there are isolating mechanisms that prevent populations from making babies. If two populations can no longer produce fertile offspring, this has occurred.
What is reproductive isolation?
200
This is a collection of all the genes that are present in a population.
What is gene pool?
200
Members of each species compete for food, territory, and mates
What is the struggle for existence?
200
This scientist argued that catastrophes had no more effect on Earth history than did subtle processes of change.
Who is Charles Lyell?
300
These preserved remains of ancient organisms show the history of life on Earth
What is the fossil record or what are fossils?
300
This type of isolation is the result of species acting differently. For example some song birds are physically capable of interbreeding but they do not because they have differences in courtship rituals such as different mating songs.
What is behavioral isolation?
300
When we look at all the different alleles that occur in a gene pool we compare our findings to the other alleles for the same gene. This number is usually presented as a percentage.
What is relative frequency?
300
The ability to survive and make babies.
What is fitness?
300
These mathematicians came up with p^2+2pq+q^2=1, and this formula was named after them.
Who are Hardy and Weinberg?
400
In 1859 Charles Darwin published this controversial book concerning species diversity, natural selection and evolution.
What is On the Origin of Species?
400
Sometimes two populations can be separated by a physical barrier such as a river, ocean, mountain range, or canyon.
What is geographic isolation?
400
A one gene trait like a Widow's Peak or an attached ear lobe.
What is a single-gene trait?
400
Each living species has descended, with changes, from other species over time.
What is the principle of descent with modification?
400
He proposed that the environment is an important factor in evolution.
Who is Lamark?
500
Individuals at one end of the fitness curve have a much higher fitness than individuals in the middle or the other end.
What is directional selection?
500
This is when similar species cannot reproduce because they mate at different times.
What is temporal isolation?
500
Some traits are controlled by two or more genes like height and skin color.
What are polygenic traits?
500
Over time this mechanism of evolution causes changes in the inherited characteristics of a population. These changes cause an increase in a species' fitness in its environment. This term is closely related to survival of the fittest.