Random mating, large population, no mutations, no gene flow, no natural selection
100
The only way novel characteristics can appear in a population
What is mutation
100
Give an example of temporal isolation
flowers/ skunks
100
List 4 sources of evidence that all life shares a common ancestor and has evolved from that common ancestor
What is
comparative anatomy, comparative embryology, comparative biochemistry, primitive characteristics shared by all life
100
How does comparative embryology support that all life came from a common ancestor
Embryos usually develop the same way and all start with similar features that just develop differently
Example: Gill slits
200
What does it mean to be fit?
Be able to survive and pass your genes on to survivable offspring
200
The peppered moths exhibited what type of selection during the industrial revolution
What is directional selection
200
Donkeys and Horses are not considered the same species because they exhibit this type of reproductive isolation
What is post-zygotic isolation
200
The bones in a whale fin and a bat are very similar and suggest a common ancestor. We call these bones:
What is homologous structures
200
Theory that explains how eukaryotic cells came to be AND evidence that supports this theory
What is Endosymbiont theory: double membrane organelles, mitochondria and chloroplast have own DNA and ribosomes
300
The random shifting of allele frequencies is know as ____________ and is more likely to happen in _______(large/small) populations
genetic drift, small
300
The presence of many heterozygous individuals for sickle cell anemia where malaria is present is an example of what type of selection
What is stabilizing
300
Darwin noticed that the birds on each island of the Galapogos all differed slightly. Similar observations can be made on the islands of Hawaii. This type of mass speciation is known as
What is Adaptive radiation
300
Give an example of a species that is currently evolving today.
bacteria---> antibiotic resistant
300
What evidence supports that early life was photosynthetic?
Oxygenated rock layers; appearance of oxygen
400
What explains sexual dimorphism? How does sexual dimorphism go against natural selection
What is sexual selection/ if natural selection is selecting for a certain trait why dont both sexes express it
400
A flying squirrel and a flying phalanger have very similar features but very different DNA. There structures are an example of
What is convergent evolution
400
Give an example of how a population may speciate sympatrically
What is behavioral isolation/temporal isolation
400
List 3 ways to construct a cladogram
What is DNA sequence, amino acid sequence, anatomy
400
Whales have vestigial leg bones, this suggests that....
What is an ancestor of the whale used its legs
500
A large population of black and brown mollusks live along the coasts of North America. A couple black mollusks get stuck to a ship and travel to the Hawaiian Islands. They reproduce and populate the island with all black mollusks. This is an example of....
What is the founder effect
500
The elephant seals today have little variation throughout their species, while the elephant seal population 100 years ago had vast amount of variation. Why?
What is the bottleneck effect
500
The common ancestor of marsupial and placental mammals most likely speciated because of
What is allopatric speciation/geographic speciation
500
What 3 primitive characteristics did the common ancestor to all of life have?
What is same genetic code, central dogma, glycolysis
500
When comparing two different species, would you expect to find more differences in DNA sequence or amino acid sequence? Why?
What is DNA sequence; more than one codon can code for the same amino acid