Vocabulary
Evolutionary History
Darwin's Finches
Evolutionary Relationships
Other Evidence
Final Jeopardy
100
The process by which organisms change over time
Evolution
100
Two functions limbs of animals provide.
Any two:
walking, running, swimming, flying, support, ballance
100
On the Glapagos Islands. Scientists studied finches to determine how one species of finches evolved into ________ species.
13
100
Which two animals both have live births?
Elephant and Kangaroo
100
These fossils have characteristics of both modern and ancient organisms and are considered links between them.
Transition fossils
200
A change that helps an organism survive in their environment.
Adaptation
200
An early type of organism from which two different modern species have evolved.
Common Ancestor
200
How many sizes of beaks did they record for the medium ground finch?
three. small, medium and large
200
Which trait do the crocodile and frog share?
four legs
200
The shapes and arrangement of the parts into a pattern of organization. (How something is built)
Structure
300
When referring to evolutionary relationships, the purpose of something or a particular kind of work that it does.
Function
300
Characteristics that are similar between organisms and show evidence of common ancestry are called.
Homologous Structures or Homologies
300
After the drought, which type of finch was most successful and had an increase in populations? Why?
Big Beaked Finches because the cactus seeds were the main food source. The seeds were big with thick shells so a big strong beak was neede to crack them open and get to the seed.
300
Which animal shares the least amount of DNA with the elepahant? Why?
The fish because they are the farthest away on the cladogram and therefore share the fewest number of traits in common.
300
Scientists can compare the genes of different species by comparing this to determine evolutionary relationships.
DNA
400
A diagram that shows evolutionary relationships between organisms.
Cladogram / Branching Tree
400
The diagram below represents part of the fossil record for the evolution of modern whales. What are TWO conclusions that can be drawn about the relationship between the modern whale and extinct organisms?
1. They all share a common ancestor.
2. The whale has changed over time.
400
After the rain, why did the small beaked finch population rise and the big beaked finch population fall?
The rain allowed vines and other flowering plants to grow and cover all the cactus seeds. The seeds from the vines and flowering plants were small so the small beaked finches thrived.
400
Can it be concluded that all of the animals in the diagram share a common ancestor? Why?
Yes, because they have homologous structures. They have the same number and patterns of bones in their limbs (humerus, radius, ulna, carpal, metacarpal, and phalanges). This shows that they all likely inhereted the DNA for that pattern of bones from a common ancestor.
400
Inferences can be made about evolutionary relationships by comparing the _________ ____________________ of embryos.
Early Development
400
It can be inferred that these species have a common ancestor because they share homologous structures. If they have a common ancestor, why do they look so different and have different functions? Use the words trait and natural selection in your answer.
While they have a common ancestor, they evolved over time by passing on traits that help them to adapt to different environments and different needs, leading to modifications in their structure and function through natural selection.