Evolution and Scientific Method
What is gene flow?
Which 4 elements make up 96% of living matter?
Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen.
Water had surface tension because...
of hydrogen bonds between molecules at the surface. It is called cohesion.
In a carbon based structure, what do the solid lines represent? The corners?
The lines are covalent bonds, the corners are Carbons.
Is water consumed or produced during a dehydration reaction?
Water molecules are produced.
Humans do not undergo evolution. T or F? Why?
False, because humans do undergo evolution as a species just over a very long period of time.
List the chemical bonds in order from strongest to weakest.
Covalent, ionic, hydrogen, Van Der Waals.
What is the molecular mass of NaCl?
58.44g/mol
What is the name of a molecule that has the same chemical formula but different molecular structures?
Isomers
What is the general chemical formula for monosaccharides?
CH2O
What is the difference between inductive and deductive reasoning?
Deductive reasoning is generalizations based on previous observations and Inductive reasoning is observation under specific circumstances to make a general conclusion.
Based on the octet rule, how many covalent bonds will carbon make to each stability? (atomic number 6, atomic mass 12)
4 covalent bonds
The partial negative charge in a molecule of water occurs because...
the electrons shared between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms spend more time around the oxygen atom nucleus than around the hydrogen atom nucleus.
Why are hydrocarbons insoluble in water?
The majority of their bonds are non-polar covalent carbon to hydrogen linkages.
List three differences between saturated fats and unsaturated fats.
1) Saturated fats have no double bonds
2) Unsaturated fats have kinked fatty acid tails
3) Saturated fats are solid at room temp
What are the steps for performing the scientific method?
List 4 functional groups and draw them!
Yup, you did a great job.
What is the chemical reaction for the bicarbonate buffer system?
CO2+2H2O-->H2CO3-->HCO3-+H+
What does being amphipathic mean?
Having both hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts. Lipid bilayer.
Which macromolecule subunit consists of a ribose sugar, a base, and a phosphate?
A nucleotide.
You visit an island and see that there are two different kinds of flower. An orange flower and a green flower. You decide to research them and overtime you find that bunnies have been eating the orange flowers but leaving the green flowers. What effect does the bunnies behavior have on the survival and reproduction of the two flowers?
The orange flowers stand out and get eaten by the bunny. Their survival is less than the green flower that blends in with its environment. The green flower will have better rates of survival.
What is a hydrophobic interaction? Why is it important? Where does it rank on the scale from strongest to weakest?
A hydrophobic interaction is the interaction between non-polar parts of molecules in the presence of polar substances. It is the weakest bond.
Why are hydrogen bond interactions necessary for cells?
Because they allow water molecules to have movement and stability. You can go further by saying they allow for interactions between proteins as well.
What is an example of an insoluble functional group?
Methyl -CH3
Match the macromolecule with its bond.
Carb-->glycosidic
Protein-->peptide
Nucleic acid--> phosphodiester