MS
Hx of severe MS and asks the nurse about completing a living will. Which of the following statements should the nurse make
" I will provide you with the information you need to complete advance directives
Ataxic cerebral palsy
Affects balance and depth perception
4-5 months old no more______
head lag
Partial Transection
partial laceration of spinal cord
possible recovery of some function
Dyskinesias
resting tremor
A nurse is caring for a client who has MS and is receiving interferon beta-1a. The nurse should identify that which of the following client statements indicates a potential adverse effect on the medication?
My body aches all over
Main cerebral palsy S/S
spasticity, muscle weakness, and ataxia, which is lack of coordination of muscle movements during voluntary movements such as walking or picking up objects.
6-9 months milestones
rolls from back to front, sit up unsupported, can pull self up, hold big bottle, babbling words, identifying faces
Bruising
reversible damage as the inflammation subsides
no laceration or cuts in the spinal cord
Parkinsons critical complications
huge risk or aspiration due to excess secretions
Airway #1
Suction at bedside
MS S/S
can look perfectly fine on the outside but on inside
burning sensation
numbness
tingling
during bad flare-ups (exposed nerve fiber): muscle spasticity, ataxia, urinary retention, hyperreflexia of extremities, decreased concentration
Cerebral Palsy Treatment
long term- physical, speech therapy, pharmacology and sometimes surgery
Autonomy vs shame and doubt
wil and use freedom and self restraint
Need and focus: independent from parents
Cervical Injury S/S
injuries in neck region
results in paralysis below the level of injury
quadriplegia: 4 limbs
Breathing impaired- life threatening
Levodopa
leaves dopamine inside the brain
main drug of Parkinson treatment
dopamine precursor
MS causes
unknown
linked to genetics- females
Environmental factors: infection and vit D
cerebral palsy causes
due to abnormal brain development often before birth
the brain controls movement and balance for the body
Determine readiness for potty training
Follow simple commands
walk and sit on the toliet
remain on the toilet for 5-8 min
Pull clothes up and down (does not have to fully dress themself)
Spinal Cord Injury Diagnostics
take pictures of body
x-ray done after injury, MRI, CT scan
Parkinson's disease patho
movement disorder where there are progressive death or neurons in the brain resulting in LOW dopamine and HIGH acetylcholine
with low dopamine you get low movement
what is primary progressive MS
symptoms will slowly worsen over time without periods of improvement
Spastic Cerebral Palsy and the types
Hypertonicity and permanent contractures; different types based on which limbs are affected:
• Hemiplegia: both extremities on one side
• Quadriplegia: all four extremities
• Diplegia or paraplegia: lower extremities
what is preoperational thinking
imaginative, symbolic thoughts, magical thinking
Autonomic Dysreflexia causes
tight bladder, bowel or even clothes
Bladder- "full, distended"
bowels: constipation
Tight clothing from gowns or skin breakdown
Parkinsons S/S
Resting tremor
muscle rigidity
Difficulty initiating movement (shuffling gait)
Dysarthria- impaired speech
Difficulty chewing and swallowing (dysphagia and drooling)
Mask- like facial appearance
slow start and stop and freezing motions
bradykinesia- delay and initiation of movement
Shuffling gain and decreased arm swinging
pill-rolling
tremors at rest
tremors decrease when attention is diverted by activity