Chapter 1 - Taking a New Look at A Familiar World
Fill in the blank:
_________ is the systematic study of human societies.
What is sociology?
A set of behavioral expectations associated with a particular position in society can be referred to as a ________.
What is a role?
Fill in the blank:
The process through which facts, knowledge, truth, and so on are discovered, made known, reaffirmed, and altered by the members of a society is called the ___________.
What is the social construction of reality?
A social response that punishes or otherwise discourages violations of a social norm is a _________.
What is a sanction?
The term ______ refers to the unique traits, behaviors, and attitudes that distinguish one person from the next.
What is the self?
Fill in both blanks:
A _______ analysis focuses on broad social forces and structural features of society, whereas a _______ of analysis focuses on individual human interaction.
What is macrolevel?
What is microlevel?
Race and gender are examples of:
a. an ascribed status
b. an achieved status
c. a role
What is an ascribed status?
Ascribed statuses are any social position or characteristic that a person is born with and has little to no control over changing throughout their life.
A situation where a student believes they will fail a test, so they don't study hard, which then leads to them actually failing the test because of their lack of preparation, is an example of a __________.
What is a self-fulfilling prophecy?
Movies, art, and music are examples of this
What is material culture?
Prisons, monasteries, and military training camps are examples of ______________.
What are total institutions?
Fill in the blank:
Seeing unemployment not as a personal malfunction but as a social problem that has its roots in the economic and political structures of society is an example of using the ___________.
What is the sociological imagination?
A healthcare worker feeling pressure to provide compassionate care while facing high patient volume and demanding procedures is an example of ___________.
What is role strain?
What is the form of research where a researcher poses a series of questions to respondents orally, electronically, or on paper?
What is a survey?
Hippies, Goths, fans of hip hop or heavy metal, and even bikers are examples of ______.
What are subcultures?
What is one of the agents of socialization from the textbook/chapter 5 lecture?
What is...
The 5 you need to know for the exam: Family, friends, school/education, religious institutions, media?
Also - teammates & teachers mentioned in the textbook
Who is the sociologist who studied suicide and categorized it into four different types?
What is Émile Durkheim?
What are the three perspectives on social order?
What is conflict, structural functionalism, and symbolic interactionism?
A __________ is a statement or belief that is considered impossible to disprove or correct within a given social context, even if evidence contradicts it.
What is an incorrigible proposition?
Ex: "Women are less aggressive than men" and assuming all contradictory evidence is an exception to this, even if evidence proves this wrong.
Expecting everyone to speak your language when traveling abroad and viewing those who don't as "backward is an example of _________.
What is ethnocentrism?
An example of ________ is when someone moves to a new country and needs to adapt to a new culture, including learning a new language, customs, and social norms.
What is resocialization?
What is the type of suicide that occurs when the structure of society is weakened or disrupted and people feel hopeless and disillusioned?
What is anomic suicide?
Which sociologist distinguished between manifest and latent functions of social institutions?
What is Robert Merton?
We are trying to examine the relationship between time spent studying and test scores. In this instance, what would be the independent variable, and what would be the dependent variable?
What is time spent studying as the independent variable? (what you are manipulating)
What is test scores as the dependent variable? (what you are measuring)
National legislation—in the form of the Family and Medical Leave Act—and private workplace sick leave policies are the institutional manifestations of the expectations of a __________.
What is a sick role?
Fill in both blanks:
The United States is said to be an ___________ culture where personal accomplishments are a more important component of one’s self-concept than group membership; whereas many non-Western cultures are considered _________ cultures because personal accomplishments are less important in the formation of identity than group membership.
What is individualist?
What is collectivist?