Microscopes
Use visible light to illuminate and optical lenses to observe enlarged images of specimens. They are classified as either simple or compound.
Light microscope
In the sixteenth century a father-and-son team, by the name of __________, produced a compound microscope consisting of a simple tube with lenses at each end.
Zaccharias and Hans Janssen
The atomic number equals the number of
protons
The germ theory of disease proposed by Louis Pasteur and
Robert Koch
Viruses are noncellular, submicroscopic particles (visible only by electron microscopy) and consist of nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat.
Virus
Microscope that uses three-dimensional images
Scanning electron Microscope
“Animalcules” were first described by
Antony van Leeuwenhoek
The atomic weight is equal to the sum of
protons and neutrons
studied the observations of Semmelweis and hypothesized that airborne microbes might play a role in postsurgical infections as well.
Joseph Lister
(proteinaceous infectious particles) are not cellular organisms, nor are they viruses. They lack nucleic acids; they are normal proteins of animal tissues that can misfold during protein synthesis and become an infectious agent
Prion
Microscope that uses cytoplasmic streaming
Phase-contrast Microscope
Micrographia, a publication illustrating insects, sponges, as well as plant cells, was published by
Robert Hooke
the same numbers of protons but a different number of neutrons.
Isotopes
Immunology begins with the work of
Edward Jenner
These are plant pathogens that can cause serious economic problems. They are much smaller than viruses (15–100 nm) and consist of a small single-stranded, naked RNA circle. These cannot produce proteins and do not have a protein coat
Viroids
Microscope that uses a beam to slice through an ultrathin sectioned specimen.
Transmission Electron Microscope
Which scientist is most responsible for ending the controversy about spontaneous generation?
Louis Pasteur
The bond of oxygen and hydrogen between water molecules is a(n)
Hydrogen Bond
in the United States showed that death after childbirth was often caused by material on the hands of midwives or physicians
Oliver Wendell Holmes
represent some of the oldest microbial communities.
Stromatolites
Microscope that observes insects
Stereomicroscope
The binomial system of nomenclature was originally developed by:
Linnaeus
The unit molecules (monomers) of carbohydrates are:
monosaccharides
in Vienna observed that women in the maternity ward became infected after being examined by physicians or students who came directly from the autopsy room or from examining infected patients.
Ignaz Semmelweis
All bacterial cells are __, whereas algae, fungi, and protozoans are __. (eukaryotes/prokaryotes)
prokaryotic
eukaryotes