Atoms & Bonds
Sugars, proteins, and nucleic acids are macromolecules formed when monomers of each are connected by a dehydration reaction causing electrons to be shared.
What is a covalent bond?
Nucleotides joined by a phosphodiester bond with an oxygen on the 2' carbon.
What is RNA?
What is an exergonic reaction?
Gas and non-polar molecules can get through but not polar or large molecules.
What is the semi-permeable function of the cell membrane?
Relieves tension formed by opening the double helix.
What is topoisomerase?
Weak by itself but strong when many - example allows cohesion of water molecules.
What are hydrogen bonds?
Chitin and cellulose
What are structural carbohydrates?
Needed to bind to active site lined with lysine and arginine amino acids.
High pH in the lysosome.
What is inhibition of protein function? or What is the effect of pH on protein function?
Bacteria with radioactive 32 P DNA found in the pellet. Conclusively shown DNA is the inheritable material.
Poles with unequal sharing.
Secondary structure that gives great strength to the polypeptide, found highly in spider silk.
Part of a reaction that requires the most energy to overcome. Enzymes add their own energy to aid this part of the reaction.
What is transition state?
Movement of charged molecules through a membrane involving binding the molecule, changing shape, and releasing on the other side of the membrane.
What is a facilitated diffusion with a carrier protein?
Two hydrogen bonds between a purine and a pyrimadine.
What are adenine and thymine?
Electrons with the highest energy.
What are valence shell electrons?
What is a phosphodiester bond?
Magnesium to DNA polymerase.
What is a cofactor?
Makes ribosomal RNA.
What is the nucleolus?
Model of DNA replication where one parent and one daughter strand end up together.
What is semi-conservative DNA replication?
Potassium has one electron in its outermost shell while chlorine is missing one electron to fill its outermost shell.
What is an ionic bond?
Protein needs help folding early in its life.
What is Hsp70?
What is energy coupling?
Catalase converts hydrogen peroxide to water.
What is the peroxisome?
Immortal cell division.
What is telomerase?