Chapter 1
Which of the following is NOT a chemical?
A) salt
B) water
C) light
D) carbon dioxide
E) sugar
C) light
Air is a(n)
A) compound.
B) heterogeneous mixture.
C) element.
D) homogeneous mixture.
D) homogeneous mixture.
The specific heat of a substance is the amount of heat needed to
A) change 1 g of the substance from the solid to the liquid state.
B) raise the temperature of 1 g of the substance by 1 °C.
C) change 1 g of the substance from the liquid to the solid state.
D) convert 1 g of a liquid to gas.
E) convert 1 g of a solid to a gas.
B) raise the temperature of 1 g of the substance by 1 °C.
Which of the following properties is NOT a characteristic of the Group 1A (1) elements (alkali metals)?
A) They are shiny.
B) They are good conductors of heat.
C) They react vigorously with water.
D) Most of them are liquids at room temperature.
E) They are good conductors of electricity.
D) Most of them are liquids at room temperature.
Ionization energy is
A) the energy an ion acquires from an electron.
B) the energy needed to remove an electron from the outermost energy level.
C) highest for metals in Group 1A (1).
D) higher for potassium than for lithium.
E) higher for chlorine than for fluorine.
B) the energy needed to remove an electron from the outermost energy level.
You notice that there is more traffic between 8:00 and 9:00 AM. This would be a(n)
A) observation.
B) hypothesis.
C) experiment.
D) conclusion/theory.
A) observation.
Which of the following is a property of a solid?
A) It takes the shape of the container.
B) It fills the volume of the container.
C) The particles move at a rapid rate.
D) The interactions between its particles are very weak.
E) The particles have fixed positions and are very close together.
E) The particles have fixed positions and are very close together.
A kilocalorie of heat is required to raise the temperature of
A) 1 g of water from 14 °C to 15 °C.
B) 1 g of water by 10 °C.
C) 10 g of water by 10 °C.
D) 100 g of water by 10 °C.
E) 100 g of water by 100 °C.
D) 100 g of water by 10 °C.
Which of the following elements is a noble gas?
A) oxygen
B) chlorine
C) bromine
D) argon
E) nitrogen
D) argon
Of the elements: B, C, F, Li, and Na, the element with the least metallic character is
A) B.
B) C.
C) F.
D) Li.
E) Na.
C) F.
16 is what percentage of 80?
A) 200%
B) 20%
C) 2%
D) 5%
E) 50%
B) 20%
Which of the following is a chemical change?
A) cutting a rope
B) bending a steel rod
C) making a snowman
D) burning sugar
E) melting gold
D) burning sugar
The number of calories needed to raise the temperature of 32 g of water from 12 °C to 54 °C is
A) 384 cal.
B) 1.3 cal.
C) 1300 cal.
D) 1700 cal.
E) 0.76 cal.
C) 1300 cal.
What is the mass number of an atom of potassium that has 20 neutrons?
A) 15
B) 19
C) 35
D) 39
E) 59
D) 39
Of the elements: Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs, the element with the most metallic character is
A) Li.
B) Na.
C) K.
D) Rb.
E) Cs.
E) Cs.
Written in scientific notation, 540 000 is
A) 0.54 × 106.
B) 54 × 108.
C) 5.4 × 10-5.
D) 5.4 × 105.
E) 5.4.
D) 5.4 × 105.
In which of the following would the particles move most rapidly?
A) ice at -20 °C
B) water at 20 °C
C) steam at 110 °C
D) boiling water
E) ice at 0 °C
C) steam at 110 °C
How many calories are required to raise the temperature of a 35.0 g sample of iron from
25 °C to 35 °C? Iron has a specific heat of 0.108 cal/g °C.
A) 38 cal
B) 1.1 cal
C) 3.8 cal
D) 93 cal
E) 130 cal
A) 38 cal
What is the abbreviated electron configuration for nickel (atomic number 28)?
A) [He]2s22p3
B) [Ar]4s23d8
C) [Kr]4s23d8
D) [Ar]4s24p4
E) [Ar]3d8
B) [Ar]4s23d8
The number of dots in the electron dot structure of carbon is
A) one.
B) two.
C) three.
D) four.
E) five.
D) four.
Written in scientific notation, 0.000 004 03 is
A) 4.03 × 10-7.
B) 4.03 × 10-6.
C) 4.03 × 106.
D) 0.403 × 10-5.
E) 4.03.
B) 4.03 × 10-6.
A cheeseburger from a fast food restaurant contains 19 g of fat, 20. g of carbohydrate, and 28 g of protein. How many kcal of energy does the cheeseburger contain? (The caloric values for foods are 9.0 kcal/g for fat, 4.0 kcal/g for carbohydrate, and 4.0 kcal/g for protein.) Round off the answer for each food type to the tens place.
A) 70. kcal
B) 360 kcal
C) 17 kcal
D) 630 kcal
E) 280 kcal
B) 360 kcal
How many joules are required to raise the temperature of a 6.50 g sample of silver from
34 °C to 189 °C? The specific heat of gold is 0.235 J/g °C.
A) 51.9 J
B) 127 J
C) 237 J
D) 255 J
E) 289 J
C) 237 J
Chlorine has two naturally occurring isotopes. The isotope Cl-35 (mass = 35.0 amu) makes up 75.8% of the sample, and the isotope Cl-37 (mass = 37.0 amu) makes up 24.2% of the sample. What is the average atomic mass for chlorine?
A) 36.0 amu
B) 35 amu
C) 36.6 amu
D) 35.5 amu
E) 35.521 amu
D) 35.5 amu
How many valence electrons are in the electron-dot structures for the elements in group 3A(13)?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 6
C) 3