Bacteria
Responsible for making cell walls Gram positive or Gram negative
Peptidoglycan
Archeael ribosome type
70s, but structurally similar to 80s
Technical term for fungal infections
Mycoses
Motile feeding phase of protozoa
trophozoite
Viruses that consist of only a nucleocapsid
Naked virus
Four types of bacterial flagella
Monotrichous (one at the end)
Lophotrichous (multiple from one site)
Amphitrichous (on both ends)
Peritrichous (all over)
Archaeal flagellum
archaellum
The two basic cell forms of microscopic fungi
Yeasts and hyphae
Classification of helminths based on body type
Flatworms (cestodes and trematodes): thin and often segmented
Roundworms (nematodes): elongated, cylindrilical, unsegmented
Characteristics of living things that viruses lack
Self-replication and metabolism
Functions of pili
Motion, attachment, sharing of genetic information
DNA packaging
Are not in a nucleus, but are wrapped around histones in some archaea
What does it mean for fungal cells to be dimorphic?
That they can take either yeast or hyphae form, depending on the conditions
Function of mitochondria
ATP synthesis (Energy!)
Classification of Viral genomes
viruses are classified as having DNA or RNA. These are further classified as single or double strand
The 2-3 layers that make up the bacterial envelope from the innermost layer out
Cytoplasmic membrane, cell wall, outer membrane
Types of environments archaea like
Archaea are extremophiles. They are capable of living at extreme temperatures and in very acidic conditions.
Difference between bacterial and fungal spores
bacterial spores are more resistant and nonreproductive. Fungal spores are less resistant and are explicitly for multiplication
Difference between eukaryotic and bacterial flagella
Eukaryotic flagella are thicker and more complex. They contain nine microtubule pairs surrounding a central pair.
Typical life cycle
Adsorption, penetration and uncoating, synthesis, assembly, release
Steps of Sporulation
Cell is depleted, chromosomes duplicate and separate, cell is septated into sporangium and forespore, sporangium engulfs forespore, forespore forms layers, cortex deposited, sporangium is lost, endospore is released from cell.
Purpose of sexual spore formation in fungi
Variation in genetic material sometimes results in advantages that couldn't have been gotten with asexual reproduction
Composition of cell membrane
phospholipid bilayer, with sterols (for stability) and proteins embedded
The virus enters the lysogenic state when conditions aren't conducive to the virus being replicated. At that point, its DNA is fused with that of the host cell until it enters the lytic cycle again.