The Science of Psychology
Research Methodology
Biology and Behavior
Consciousness
Vision
100
What is the psychological unit of analysis that is concerned with individual differences, cognition, and behavior.
The individual level of analysis
100
Psychology is “scientific” because it is largely based on _____________ methods.
What is empirical methods
100
The lobe in the brain that is most responsible for hearing and speech comprehension
What is Temporal
100
The _______________________ model suggests that you experience various brain regions’ output as conscious awareness.
What is the Global Workspace Model
100
In vision __________ is the stimulus that varies in intensity and wavelength.
What is light.
200
This branch of psychological science is concerned with studying the cause and treatment of psychological disorders.
What is clinical psychology
200
In the positive relationship that was found between eating ice cream and murder rates, the summer heat is known as the ________________.
Third variable
200
The type of language disorder that results from damage to the left frontal lobe and involves difficulty with speech production
What is Non-fluent/Broca’s aphasia
200
What is the most popular “depressant” drug?
What is alcohol
200
__________ posits that we experience color from activity in 3 different cones that vary in sensitivity to wavelength, while __________ posits that our experience of color is based on opposite colors, such as yellow and blue.
What is Trichromatic theory; Opponent-Process Theory
300
Pioneered by Edward Titchener, this early approach to psychology utilized methods like introspection, and focused on breaking down psychological experience into small parts.
What is structuralism
300
A researcher is interested in studying how religious college freshmen are in comparison to college seniors. In order to study this, he looks at how many times a week students from both groups report attending religious services, and how many times a week students pray. By doing this, this researcher is participating in the ______________ of his variables.
What is operationalization
300
The neurotransmitter associated emotional states (i.e., depression) and impulsiveness, as well as dreaming.
What is serotonin
300
Which stage or type of sleep has been associated with paralysis and vivid dreams?
What is Rapid Eye Movement (REM) Sleep
300
On the retina, _________ are sensitive to low levels of light and assist with night vision, while __________ are responsible for seeing color and detail in brighter light.
What is rods; cones
400
The _________ movement in psychology shifted focus to human mental function, thought processes, and to how thinking influences behavior.
What is cognitive
400
In the classic study that looks at whether classical music exposure compared to no classical music exposure increases children’s reading ability, name the independent and the dependent variable.
Independent variable: classical music exposure vs. no classical music exposure Dependent variable: children’s reading ability
400
The _________ hemisphere of the brain is most involved with expressing language, whereas the _________ hemisphere of the brain is used for comprehending language.
What is: Left, right
400
The _______________ theory suggests that sleep is an adaptive behavior because it evolved to keep animals quiet and inactive during times of the day when there is the greatest danger (usually when it is dark).
What is Circadian rhythm theory
400
According to Opponent Process Theory, what are the three pairs of “opposite colors” that are impossible to see blurred together as one?
What is Red & Green, Yellow & Blue, Black & White
500
Someone demonstrating a _______ bias might say, after an event has occurred, that they saw the warning signs well before the event actually took place.
What is hindsight bias
500
In conducting a research study, the group you want to know about is called the population. The group of people you pick out to take part in your study is called the _____________, which you can gather either by giving each member of the population an equal chance to participate, known as _____________, or by using people who happen to be available to participate in the study, known as ____________.
What is sample, random sampling, convenience sampling
500
As part of his research project, Dr. Smith is interested in better understanding which parts of the brain are activated when his patients look at pictures of their loved ones. He determines that the best way to study this is to inject his participants with a radioactive substance and observe which areas of the brain emit more radiation. The IRB at his institution encourages him to utilize a less risky procedure. What tool did he want to use?
What is Positron emission tomography (PET)
500
Jill has been struggling with sleep recently. Her doctor is recommending that she complete a sleep study. This will allow Jill and her doctor to understand how much time she is spending in each stage of sleep. What type of machine will likely be used to determine this information?
What is Electroencephalogram (EEG)
500
Name and define two types of object constancy
Size constancy – objects remain the same size even though the image on our retina changes size Shape constancy – shapes are perceived as staying the same even though there is a change in shape to the images on our retina (there is also color and lightness constancy)
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