The Lifespan Perspective
In Erikson's psychosocial theory, the first stage is known as...
Trust vs mistrust
The process of an egg and sperm combining is known as ____________.
Fertilization
Forgetting most of what we experienced prior to age 3 is known as ___________.
Infantile amnesia
This is the first stage in Piaget's theory of cognitive development.
Sensorimotor
In Erikson's psychosocial theory, the second stage of development is ________.
Autonomy vs. shame and doubt
Define chronological age.
The number of years a person has lived.
Explain the difference between phenotype and genotype.
Genotype - our genetic makeup
Phenotype - how genotype is expressed in observed and measurable characteristics
You place a toy on an infant's palm, and they automatically close their hand. This is known as the ____________.
Grasping reflex
7 month old Mia is shown a toy which is then hidden from her. Mia starts crying, thinking that the toy is gone forever. According to Piaget, Mia does not have ______________.
Object Permanence
Secure attachment
In the nature-nurture debate, nature refers to an organism's ________ and nurture refers to _______.
biological inheritance/genetics & environmental experiences
Name the 4 lobes of the brain
Frontal, Temporal, Occipital, Parietal
Jacob is brushing his teeth. Brushing teeth requires Jacob to use his memories of skills and routine procedures that are performed automatically. This is known as _________ memory.
Implicit memory
In infancy/early childhood, children typically understand more words before they are able to speak them; that is, their ________ vocabulary exceeds their ________ vocabulary.
Receptive; expressive
Cy ignores her mother, does not cry or seem to care if she leaves the room, and is disinterested when she returns (she does not run back to her). Cy likely has a _______ attachment style.
Insecure avoidant
Siblings and peers are examples of influences from the __________ in Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory.
Microsystem
Multiple answers
The visual cliff experiment was used to measure infants' _____________.
Depth perception
Provide one example of explicit memory and one example of implicit memory
Multiple answers
(e.g., your address / riding a bike)
Name the 3 categories in Thomas and Chess's model of temperament
Easy; difficult; slow to warm up
Name two theories of lifespan development we discussed in class.
Multiple answers (Freud, Bronfenbrenner, Piaget, Skinner, Bandura, Bowlby, etc.)
Provide an example of a passive genotype-environment correlation
Multiple answers (e.g., Lily's parents love baseball so they take her to baseball games and sign her up for softball lessons as soon as she's old enough. Lily is now one of the best players on her team).
Provide an example of one gross motor skill AND one fine motor skill
Multiple answers
Two year old Jack calls his father "Dada" and now, also calls all other adult males "Dada."
Has Jack ___________ (assimilated or accommodated) this information into his schema?
Assimilated
(Accommodating would mean he adjusts his schema for "Dada" after learning that not all adult males are fathers).
These are the five primary emotions present in humans and animals that emerge earliest in development.
Joy, anger, fear, sadness, disgust