Basics
This is the study of how specific elements of the nervous system function
What is neurophysiology?
Neural tube deficit, in which the posterior neuropore closure fails to occur.
What is Spina Bifida?
During this stage, the brain and face develop from the neural tube, and begins to bend ventrally.
What is Stage 2: Ventral Induction?
Type of molecule, also known as carbohydrates, and stored until needed as energy.
What is a Simple Sugar?
Process that occurs following depolarization, in which leftovers are reabsorbed into the presynaptic membran to be recycled.
What is Re-Uptake?
This is a structural imaging exam, that uses magnetic field gradients to generate three-dimensional images.
What is Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)?
Error in ventral induction that is the most severe, in which failure in brain cleavage occurs, not forming two separate hemispheres and no corpus callosum.
What is Alobar Holoprosencephaly?
This is a process in which unneeded synapse connections are eliminated to make room for active pathways.
What is Synaptic Pruning?
This is a type of synapse in which an axon connects directly to the soma of the neuron, typically a inhibitory action.
What is a Axosomatic Synapse?
Stage in which communication occurs between the presynaptic and post synaptic membranes
What is Neuron Firing?
This structure is found within the CNS, located posterior to the pons and is important for coordination, movement and balance.
What is the Cerebellum?
Error in neuronal migration, in which there is a lack of reelin, leaving a brain with no gyri or sulci, causing the brain to have a smooth appearance.
What is Lissencephaly?
This process occurs at about 6 months in the CNS, creating a fatty, white substance produced by glial cells.
What is Myelination?
What is Afferent Pathways?
What is the Synaptic cleft?
This structure is part of the diencephalon, and its function is to regulate various body functions (like body temperature)
What is the hypothalamus?
Error that occurs during synaptogenesis, in which there are two many gyri, in one or both hemispheres.
What is Polymicrogyria?
This process occurs during week 4 of development, in which the neural plate bends and wraps around itself to begin to form the neural tube.
What is Neurulation?
Neurons communicate through a process that involves both a chemical and electrical signal.
What is electrochemical phase?
Rapid change in membrane polarity, that fires to trigger the opening of gates, in order to depolarize a neuron.
What is an Action Potential?
This is also known as the "rest and digest system", due to calming and relaxing the body through slowing the heart and lowering blood pressure.
What is the parasympathetic system?
Recessive, genetic condition that occurs during myelination, in which children do not produce enough myelin.
What is Hypomyelination?
Known as the forebrain, it develops into the diencephalon and telencephalon, which will cleave further to create two cerebral hemispheres.
What is the Prosencephalon?
This neurite has two projections, one dendritic and one axonic, that is devoted for special senses like hearing, smell and vision.
What is a Bipolar Neurite?
When a neuron is at a state of rest, where there is an imbalance in the ions both inside and outside of the cell.
What is Neuron Polarization?