Neuroanatomy? More Like Neuroagony
Explain the lateralization of function in the brain.
What is the left part of the brain controls the right side of body input and the right part of the brain controls the left side input.
This part of the brain is connected by the corpus callosum and is in charge of your right and left brain (conscious thoughts, actions and input)
What is the cerebrum?
This central hub in the brain stem is in charge of sleep-wake cycles, consciousness, attention, arousal, and movement AND is also part of the hindbrain.
What is the reticular formation?
This part of the brain is in charge of heart actvity, respiration, and involuntary reflexes.
What is the medulla?
The four F's and what they relate to.
What is "Fight and Flight" in the Sympathetic Division and "Feed and Fornicate" in the Parasympathetic Division? (Happens all in the Autonomic Nervous System)
Nerves that allow INCOMING info to the brain and spinal cord FROM skin, muscles, organs, etc.
What are afferent nerves?
The hippocampus (in charge of learning and memory) and amygdala (in charge of emotional behavior + expressions) make up this part of the brain
What is the limbic system?
Grey matter around the cerebral aqueductual (tube in spinal cord).
What is the periaqueductal gray matter?
The pons does this
What is be the "connection zone" for sensory and motor systems (including eye movement, balance, hearing, facial expressions, swallowing and more)?
The numbers in the Parasympathetic Branch of Cranial Nerves.
What are 3, 7, 9 and 10?
Nerves that allow OUTGOING info from the brain and spinal cord TO skin, muscles, organs, etc.
What are efferent nerves?
These make up the extrapyramidal motor system (basal ganglia).
What are the Caudate, Putamen and Globus Pallidus?
This part of the brain is above the tegmentum, in charge of visual (superior colliculi) and auditory processing (inferior colliculi).
What is the tectum?
These parts of the brain are connected through cranial nerves.
What are the medulla, pons, and midbrain (does not include anterior 1 and nose)?
This tool is used to edit or repair genes using RNA.
What is CRISPR? (pg. 14)
Name the two types of grooves and the bumps in the cerebral cortex.
Explain the difference between the hypothalamus and the thalamus.
Thalamus - Relays and processes sensory information and tells you what to feel
Hypothalamus - Controls the autonomic nervous system, important for primitive behaviors, and controls the pituitary gland.
This main producer of dopamine is connected with the basal ganglia.
What is the Substantia Nigra?
Alcohol can cause dysfunction to this motor system, causing a lack of regulation in coordinated and fine movements, posture, balance, and timing
What is the cerebellum?
This type of neuron has only been found in humans (so far)
What are rosehip neurons?
Cerebrospinal fluid that fills space in and around the brain is made by these in the ventricles
What is the choroid plexus?
Name the four lobes and their basic functions.
Frontal - primary motor area (pre-central gyrus), language (Broca's area), association area (reasoning + emotionality), motor homunculus
Parietal - primary somatosensory cortex (post-central gyrus), association area (sensory)
Occipital - visual area, visual association
Temporal - auditory association area, primary auditory area, Wernicke's area
List the functions of the dorsal and ventral sides of: spinal cord, horn, root gangleon
Dorsal:
Spinal cord- sensory
Horn- sensory output
Root Gangleon- Afferent road
Ventral:
Spinal cord- motor
Horn- motor output
Root Gangleon- Efferent road
Name and describe the meninges.
Dura mater - outermost, tough
Arachnoid layer - weblike
Subarachnoid space - contains cerebral spinal fluid
Pia Mater - intermost, has blood vessels
This thing is being used in place of axon regrowth in cells and stem cells, which shows promising results.
What is a computer chip?