Epithelial & Connective Tissues
Name of the tissue that lines your nasal cavity and respiratory tract
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
I am involuntary (but can be partially voluntarily controlled) I'm striated, mononucleated, and I have intercalated discs, I am...
Cardiac Muscle Tissue
Chromatin is made of this
(100 pt BONUS: Located here)
DNA attached to Histone Proteins
(BONUS: Nucleus)
Opposite of deep
Superficial
What Osteoblasts and Chondroblasts mature into
Osteocytes and Chondrocytes
The matrix of blood
Plasma
This fiber is made up of 3 strands of reticular fibers
(100 pt BONUS: Elastic fibers are made from this protein)
1 Collagen Fiber
(1 reticular fiber = 1 unit of collagen)
(BONUS: Elastin protein)
Found in sphincters and arrector pili among other things
Smooth Muscle Tissue
Responsible for making ribosomes
Nucleolus
A synonym for anterior plane
Ventral plane
The very center of an osteon is called the...
Central/Haversian Canal
Name the difference between tendons and ligaments
Tendons: Connect muscle to bone
Ligaments: Connect bone to bone
What a tissue that has columnar cells near the lumen/surface and squamous cells farther from the lumen/surface would be called (3 words)
Stratified columnar epithelium
The type of epithelium found in the stratum corneum (4 words)
Stratified keratinized squamous epithelium
Name the 4 phases of mitosis and what generally happens during each phase
1. Prophase
- Centrioles move to the poles, nuclear envelope disappears
2. Metaphase
- Chromosomes line up on the metaphase plate, spindle fibers attach to centromeres on the chromosomes
3. Anaphase
- Spindle fibers pull apart chromosomes into sister chromatids on opposite poles
4. Telophase
- Nuclear envelope reforms around sister chromatids on each side
A cut along this plane could split someone right down the middle from head to toe
Midsagittal plane
Sagittal plane
The different rings of an osteon, look similar to tree rings
Lamellae
The 3 modes of secretion
Merocrine: How apocrine sweat (sudoriferous) glands secrete
Apocrine: How mammary glands secrete
Holocrine: How sebaceous (sebum) glands secrete
Name 2 places you can find DRCT
- Aponeuroses (flat tendons)
- Tendons
- Ligaments
DICT stands for _____ , it can be found in the _____ layer of the integument, and it can be found in your body in this place: ______
- Dense Irregular Connective Tissue
- Deep dermis/reticular layer
- Outer bone layer (periosteum)
- Outer cartilage layer
- Organ Capsules
Opposite of prophase, nuclear envelope reappears around chromatids, spindle disappears
Telophase
One of these is your shin, the other is your calf
Sural: Calf
Name the 3 types of cartilage and 1 example of where you can find each type
Hyaline: (Main type) Ribs, Base of Nose, Trachea, Larynx
Elastic: Ears, epiglottis, tip of nose
Fibrous: Intervertebral Discs, Menisci, pads
This type of muscle is involuntary, nonstriated, mononucleated, and found in the digestive tract.
(100 pt BONUS: What are the other 2 types of muscle)
Smooth Muscle
BONUS:
Cardiac: Involuntary*, striated, mononucleated, and found in the heart
Skeletal: Voluntary, striated, multinucleated, found in movable body parts
There are 3 types of connective tissue: Proper, Fluid, and Supporting. Give 2 examples of each type.
Proper:
- LACT (Loose Areolar Connective Tissue)
- DRCT (Dense Regular Connective Tissue)
- DICT (Dense Irregular Connective Tissue)
Fluid: Blood & Lymph
Supporting: Cartilage and Bone
Name all 7 layers of the integument that we studied from superficial to deep and the types of cells you could find there
(100 pt BONUS: The layer deep to the dermis that is NOT considered part of the integumentary system)
Epidermis:
- Stratum Corneum: Keratinocytes
- Stratum Lucidum: Keratinocytes
- Stratum Granulosum: Keratinocytes
- Stratum Spinosum: Keratinocytes, Langerhans
- Stratum Basale/Germinativum: Keratinocytes, Merkel Cells, Melanocytes
Dermis:
- Superficial/Papillary Layer
- Deep/Reticular Layer
(BONUS: Hypodermis/subcutaneous layer/Camper's fascia)
Give a function for each of the following: Mitochondria, Nucleus, Nucleolus, Ribosome, RER & SER, Golgi Apparatus, Cilia, Flagella, Centriole, Cytoskeleton, Lysosome/Peroxisome
Mitochondria: ATP, Mitochondrial/Maternal DNA
Nucleus: DNA Storage in the form of chromatin
Nucleolus: Ribosome production
Ribosome: Protein production
RER: Protein production (because of the ribosomes)
SER: Lipid & Steroid production
Golgi Apparatus: Takes in proteins/enzymes from ER, storage and packaging center (Amazon warehouse)
Cilia: Little fingers/hairs that sweep things across the cell surface
Flagellum: Long tails that move/propel the cell
Centriole: Contains microtubules, helps pull apart chromosomes during mitosis
Cytoskeleton: Filaments and microtubules that provide structure for the cell
Lysosome/Peroxisome: Digests unwanted stuff in the cell/removes peroxides
One of these means "against the body wall" and the other means "against the organ"
Visceral Layer: Against the organ
Parietal Layer: Against the body wall
Describe the major difference between intramembranous and endochondral ossification
Intramembranous - Straight bone formation
Endochondral - Hyalin cartilage to bone formation
Give 3 examples of passive transport and 2 examples of active transport
Passive (No ATP required):
- Diffusion
- Osmosis
- Facilitated Diffusion
Active (Requires ATP):
- Exocytosis
- Endocytosis
- Phagocytosis (Cell eating, subclass of endocytosis)
- Pinocytosis (Cell drinking, subclass of endocytosis)