Chapter 1
This theory is a cycle of proposing theories, developing hypothesis, and collecting data
What is the theory data cycle?
Group in the experiment that differs from the treatment group
What is a comparison group?
One of these is observed and recorded by the researcher and the other is what is being controlled by the researcher
What is a measured variable vs a manipulated variable?
Being sure you're accurately measuring what you say you're measuring
What is construct validity?
These are the parts of an empirical article
What is the abstract, introduction, methods, results, discussion, and reference sections?
This study worked with monkeys to test theory of mother being important because she provides food or mother being important because she provides comfort
What is the Harlow study?
1. make sure the IV of the experiment is isolated
2. use random assignment
How to control for confounds?
This is the process of turning a concept into something measurable
What is operationalization?
The extent to which the results found in a study can be generalized
What is external validity?
Refers to publishing a hypothesis prior to conducting a study
What is pre-registration?
An important quality that a hypothesis should have in order for the study to be testable (aka the capacity to be proven wrong)
What is falsifiability?
Over/underestimating the frequency of an event based on only using the evidence (or lack thereof) that comes to mind immediately
What is the availability heuristic?
Shows the direction and strength of the relationship between two continuous variables
What is the correlation coefficient?
The certainty that the change in the DV is due to the manipulation of the IV
What is internal validity?
Alternative explanations for research findings
What are confounds?
This type of research would focus on looking at activation levels in the brain as a predictor of something
What is basic research?
This part of an empirical article is a collection of all previous research on a topic and tells it almost like a story as buildup for the proposed study
What is a literature review?
What is covariance?
The data is supporting the conclusions
What is statistical validity?
Type of journal article that averages the effect size of all studies that tested the same variables
What is a meta-analysis?
This process helps find errors in an empirical article and gets commentary on the paper from other in the field (a step in the publication process)
What is peer reviewing?
These portions of an empirical article present the argument for the study
What is the abstract, end of the introduction, and the start of the discussion?
The type and strength of a relationship with a coefficient of r = -.24
What is a weak/small negative correlation?
Type of claim that looks at two variables where one is manipulated and the other is measured
What is a causal claim?