Chapter 1
Where are the protons located?
Nucleus
What are the charges of the following:
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
Positive (+)
Neutral/ No charge
Negative (-)
What is the pH of water?
7
What functional group contains:
-SH
Thiol
Whats the difference between Saturated and Unsaturated fatty acids?
Saturated: no double bonds, solid at room temp.
Unsaturated: double bonds, liquid at room temp.
What are the 3 domains of life?
Bacteria
Archaea
Eukarya
How many electrons does Nitrogen have in its valence shell?
5 valence electrons
Acids add ______ (H+ or OH-) to a solution, _____ (lowering or raising) the pH.
H+
Raising
What functional group contains:
-NH2
Amine
What are the Pyrimidines?
Cytosine
Uracil
Thymine
What domain does Kingdom Fungi belong to?
Eukarya
What are the charges of the following:
Cation
Anion
Positive (+) charged ion
Negative (-) charged ion
Bases add ____ (H+ or OH-) to a solution, _____ (lowering or raising) the pH.
OH-
Lowering
What functional group contains:
-OH
Alcohol
What are the 3 monosaccharides?
Glucose
Galactose
Fructose
Protists belong to which domain?
Eukarya
What is the octet rule?
Atoms are most stable when outermost shell has 8 electrons (2 for H and He)
What are the 4 emergent properties of water?
Cohesive behavior (water sticks to itself)
Expansion upon freezing
Ability to moderate temperature (water has high specific heat)
Versatility as a solvent & pH (water is an excellent solvent)
What are enantiomers?
Isomers that are mirror images of each other
Is cholesterol a protein, carbohydrate, nucleic acid, or lipid?
Lipid
What was Darwin's theory?
Evolution by natural selection.
The Unifying Theory of Biology:
Evolution (descent with modification)
accounts for life’s unity and diversity
What kind of bond does this describe:
Electrons are shared unequally within the molecule.
Polar Covalent bond
Is human blood acidic, basic, or neutral?
Neutral
Who created an experiment that simulated reducing atmosphere conditions on the early Earth?
Stanley Miller
Harold Urey
What denatures a protein?
High heat
Acids, Bases
Detergents
Agitation (shaking, stirring)