Medications
Name some side effects of opioid analgesics.
Hematocrit (M&F)
Male: 42-52%
Female: 27-47%
Convert 127 lbs to kg.
57.7 kg
What is atherosclerosis?
Hardening of the arteries; plaque builds up in the inner lining of the arteries.
What is the order that you mix insulin?
Humalin N: intermediate; cloudy
Humalin R: short-acting; ; clear
N-R-R-N (air-air-withdraw-withdraw)
Nancy Reagan Registered Nurse
What would the nurse monitor for in a patient taking spironolactone?
hyperkalemia
Platelets
150,000-400,000
Order: Digoxin 0.5 mg PO everyday
Supply: scored tablets labeled 0.25 mg
How many tablets will you administer?
2 tabs
What is the first thing you as the nurse will do when your patient is experiencing chest pain?
Position the patient upright and apply supplemental O2
After an initial skin assessment, the nurse notices a pressure area that is reddened with a 1-cm. blister. How will the nurse document this wound stage?
Stage 2 with a 1-cm blister noted
What would the nurse monitor for in a patient receiving IV heparin?
signs of bleeding and hemorrhage (bleeding gums, nosebleed, unusual bruising, black/tarry stools, hematuria, bleeding from surgical site)
Neutrophils
55-70%
Order: diphenhydramine maleate syrup 0.025g PO q4h
Supply: liquid labeled 12.5 mg/5mL
How many mL will you administer per dose?
10 mL
Identify the stages of hypertension (elevated, stage I, and Stage II)
Normal: <120/80
Elevated: 120-129/<80
Stage I: 130-139/80-89
Stage II: >140/>90
What are hypertonic fluids used for, and what are some examples?
Uses: cerebral edema, hyponatremia, metabolic alkalosis, maintenance fluid, hypovolemia
Examples: 5% saline, 3% saline, 5% dextrose in 0.9% saline (D5NS), 5% dextrose in 0.45% saline (D51/2NS), 5% dextrose in LR (D5LR), 10% dextrose in water (D10W)
type 2 diabetic - used to improve the body's sensitivity to insulin, which results in glycemic control without hypoglycemia
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
L: 20-40%
M: 2-8%
Order: Ceftazidime 1g IVPB q12h
Supply: 1g powder
Package Directions: reconstitute with 50mL D5W using a reconstitution device. Infuse over 30 minutes
Available: microdrip tubing at 10 gtt/mL
Calculate the drip rate.
17 gtt/min
Describe different symptoms for PAD and PVD.
PAD: inc. cap refill, loss of hair, skin appears thin/taut/shiny, cool extremities, dec. peripheral pulses, NO edema, elevational pallor, dependent rubor; ulcers appear on bony prominences and appear "punched out"
Venous: edema is present, dull achy pain, warm extremities, skin is pigmented brown, pruritus is common, skin is thick and hardened; ulcers appear around the medial malleolus with a large amount of drainage or yellow slough.
As the nurse prepares to insert the culture swab into the wound, the nurse inadvertently touches the swab to the patients gown. What should the nurse do next?
discard the swab, obtain a new culture swab, and collect the specimen
What are some adjuncts to general anesthesia, and what is the purpose of adding these different medications?
Added to the anesthetic regimen to achieve unconsciousness, analgesia, amnesia, muscle relaxation, or autonomic nervous system control
Fentanyl (opioid): used to induce/maintain anesthesia as well as for pain control
Lorazepam and midazolam (benzodiazepines): used to reduce anxiety and induce/maintain anesthetic effects.
Ondansetron (antiemetic): used to prevent nausea/vomiting related to the procedure or medication used to achieve sedation.
*these were the 4 meds on the study guide!
Eosinophils
Basophils
E: 1-5%
B: 0.5-1%
Order: 250 mL D51/2NS IV KVO to be given over 12 hours
Available: microdrip tubing at 60 gtt/mL
Calculate the drip rate.
21 gtt/min
Differentiate left and right-sided heart failure.
Left: "lung"; crackles on auscultation, pleural effusion, frothy pink-tinged sputum, dry, hacking cough, orthopnea
Right: "systemic"; peripheral edema, JVD, weight gain, hepatomegaly
indicates circulatory overload!
the nurse will... decrease the flow rate, elevate HOB, keep the client warm, notify the HCP