Cardiac Medications
This medication is commonly used to treat bradycardia?
What is atropine?
Represents the onset of atrial depolarization to the onset of ventricular depolarization.
What is PR interval?
These are the three primary modifiable risk factors that contribute to the development of atherosclerosis by damaging the endothelium.
What is hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and smoking?
This node is known as the heart's natural pacemaker.
What is the SA node?
Cardiac output is calculated by multiplying _____ by _____.
What is stroke volume and heart rate?
This medication is a first-line treatment for stable angina.
What is nitroglycerin?
This rhythm is irregularly irregular with no distinct P waves.
What is atrial fibrillation?
During a myocardial infarction, the affected area of the heart is divided into these three zones, each representing a different stage of tissue damage.
What is ischemia, injury, and infarction?
Trace the normal flow of blood through the heart including names of valves.
What is: Right atrium --> tricuspid valve --> right ventricle --> pulmonic valve --> lungs --> left atrium --> mitral or bicuspid valve --> right ventricle --> body?
This test is performed before inserting a radial arterial line to assess collateral cerculation from the ulnar artery.
This medication is used to treat supraventricular tachycardia
What is adenosine?
This life-threatening rhythm is characterized by wide, bizarre QRS complexes with no pulse.
What is ventricular fibrillation?
A 52-year-old patient presents with no symptoms but has a BP of 145/92 mmHg on three separate visits. Name the diagnosis and two recommended lifestyle
What is hypertension, and what are dietary changes (e.g., DASH diet) and regular exercise?
Which ions are typically found inside of the myocardial cell at rest?
What is potassium?
This area is best described as the bisection of the fourth intercostal space and the midpoint of the anterior-posterior chest diameter to allow zeroing of the transducer.
What is phlebostatic axis?
This class of drugs may diminish myocardial oxygen demand post MI by reducing heart rate, systemic arterial pressure, and myocardial contractility.
What is beta-blockers?
This block shows progressively lengthening PR intervals followed by a dropped beat.
What is second-degree AV block type I (Wenckebach)?
This valvular disorder is characterized by narrowing of the valve between the left atrium and left ventricle, often leading to pulmonary congestion and atrial enlargement.
What is mitral stenosis?
The ability of specialized cells in the heart known as pacemaker cells to spontaneously generate an action potential, thus causing depolarization, is called:
What is automaticity?
A low CVP indicates this volume status.
What is hypovolemia?
This medication increases myocardial contractility and slows AV node conduction, but requires monitoring for toxicity.
What is digoxin?
A patient with a prolonged QT interval develops a polymorphic ventricular tachycardia that waxes and wanes in amplitude on the ECG. Name the rhythm and the first-line treatment.
What is Torsades de Pointes, and what is IV magnesium sulfate?
Name the three components of Beck's triad and the associated life-threatening condition that involves fluid accumulation in the pericardial sac.
What is hypotension, muffled heart sounds, and jugular venous distention? What is cardiac tamponade?
This reflex increases heart rate in response to increased venous return and right atrial pressure.
What is the Bainbridge reflex with sympathetic nervous system?
This advanced hemodynamic parameter reflects left ventricular preload.
What is pulmonary capillary wedge pressure or pulmonary artery occlusion pressures?